Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to wireless communication devices, systems comprising wireless communication devices, and to an apparatus, a method and a computer program for a wireless communication device. The apparatus comprises a transceiver module for transmitting and receiving wireless transmissions. The apparatus comprises a processing module that is configured to control the transceiver module. The processing module is configured to communicate with a further wireless communication device via the transceiver module. The communication with the further wireless communication device is based on a transmission of data frames between the wireless communication device and the further wireless communication device. Each data frame is based on a two-dimensional grid in a time-frequency plane having a time dimension resolution and a frequency dimension resolution. The processing module is configured to select a communication mode from a plurality of communication modes for the communication between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication device. The communication mode defines a combination of a frequency dimension resolution and a time dimension resolution of the two-dimensional grid in the time-frequency plane. The processing module is configured to initially select a default communication mode of the plurality of the plurality of communication modes for the communication between the wireless communication device and the further wireless communication device.

A method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving a reference signal from a transceiver, estimating a time offset (TO) of the reference signal in the frequency domain based on a spectral phase ramp introduced by the TO, compensating the TO of the reference signal based on the estimated TO in the frequency domain by applying the spectral phase ramp to the received reference signal, and providing a TO compensated signal of the reference signal.

A method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving a reference signal from a transceiver, estimating a time offset (TO) of the reference signal in the frequency domain based on a spectral phase ramp introduced by the TO, compensating the TO of the reference signal based on the estimated TO in the frequency domain by applying the spectral phase ramp to the received reference signal, and providing a TO compensated signal of the reference signal.

A method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving a reference signal from a transceiver, estimating a time offset (TO) of the reference signal in the frequency domain based on an accumulation of subcarriers before cross-correlation, providing a TO compensated signal of the reference signal based on the estimated TO in the frequency domain, transforming the TO compensated signal into the time domain, and estimating a frequency offset (FO) based on the time domain TO compensated signal.

A method of frequency-offset determination includes: receiving a resource block containing one or more auxiliary frequency-offset estimation signals and pilot signals from a second device; and calculating the one or more auxiliary frequency-offset estimation signals and the pilot signals to determine a frequency offset for demodulating the resource block. At least one of the first device or the second device is a vehicle.

A method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving a reference signal from a transceiver, estimating a time offset (TO) of the reference signal in the frequency domain based on an accumulation of subcarriers before cross-correlation, providing a TO compensated signal of the reference signal based on the estimated TO in the frequency domain, transforming the TO compensated signal into the time domain, and estimating a frequency offset (FO) based on the time domain TO compensated signal.

A user equipment (UE) device generates a first channel estimate for a physical telecommunications channel based on a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS) received at the UE. The first DMRS has a format that includes a signal at a first number of symbol positions of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. A data transmission received at the UE is demodulated based at least in part on the first channel estimate. When the UE detects a condition trigger to change a format of the DMRS to have a second number of symbol positions, the UE requests, from a network access node (NAN), a DMRS format with the second number of symbol positions. Subsequent data transmissions are demodulated based at least in part on a second channel estimate for the physical telecommunications channel that is generated using a DMRS transmitted at the second number of symbol positions.

Architectures and techniques are presented that can provide point-to-point analysis to generate an improved signal strength prediction (SSP) based on, e.g., earth surface image data processing and analysis to draw conclusions of line of sight (LOS) along the propagation path between a BTS or another AP transmitter and CPE receiver. For example, USGS image data and/or elevation data of locations are identified to correspond to signal propagation between the transmitter and receiver can be analyzed for LOS signal quality at a fixed location, in addition to the statistical model prediction of the RF signal quality. As a result, foliage or terrain that obstructs the LOS can be identified and utilized to improve SSP by eliminating the additional pathloss due to LOS obstructions. Such can provide a significant improvement to SSP results that are conventionally predicted by statistical models rather than a point-to-point analysis.

A signal measurement and reporting method, a positioning method, and a related apparatus, for a first device to send a first measurement result and information about a first propagation path to a positioning device. This helps improve accuracy of positioning the first device or a second device by the positioning device. The first device measures a positioning reference signal sent by the second device, to obtain the first measurement result, where the first measurement result corresponds to the first propagation path, and the first propagation path is a propagation path between the first device and the second device; and the first device sends the first measurement result and the information about the first propagation path to the positioning device.