Robotic system and methods for preparing a bone of a joint to receive an implant. Virtual object(s) are used to define a volume of material to be removed from the bone for receipt of the implant. A robotic manipulator controls a cutting tool based on the virtual object(s) to form a first cavity and a second cavity in the bone. The second cavity is formed beneath the first cavity and is rotated relative to the first cavity to define an undercut in the bone. The first and second cavities receive a body and a locking member of the implant in an unlocked position. The locking member is rotated within the second cavity to a locked position whereby the undercut engages the locking member to limit withdrawal of the implant from the bone.

Systems, methods, and devices are disclosed for surgical systems comprising an applicator having a first shaft, an implant having a first member pivotably and detachably coupled to the first shaft, and a second member for converting rotational motion of the implant to a translational offset, and at least one of a sensor for determining the offset or an indicator for indicating the offset, provided that the indicator is not a protrusion located at an end of the applicator. A controller may be provided, the controller being configured to receive offset data from the sensor, determine an angle of the implant in a patient using dimensions of the implant and the offset, and display a current position of the implant relative to patient anatomy. The applicator may have a second shaft slidably disposed on the first shaft along an axis defined by a longitudinal axis of the applicator.

Systems and methods are provided for determining acceptable ranges of pressures for use by a robotic arm on a surgical instrument, robotic systems and methods that are limited to using the acceptable ranges of pressures, and the medical devices for use in the robotic surgery. Learning software is included in the methods and systems for correlating manually-performed procedures with pressure sensors as a tactile gauge for qualifying the acceptable ranges of pressures for use by a robotic system.

A method of generating a custom three-dimensional model of a bone is disclosed. A 2D image of the bone is obtained and an orientation and scale of the 2D image are aligned to a pre-determined coordinate system. Based on the 2D image, a representative bone is identified from a library of representative bones that are aligned to the pre-determined coordinate system. Based on the 2D image, an ideal view of a 3D model of the representative bone is selected. Modifications may be made to the 3D model by using additional representative bones from the library. A custom three-dimensional model of the bone is thereby generated.

Devices, systems, and computer-implemented and surgical methods for providing and/or using optical, visual, and/or audio feedback when using a surgical instrument, such as to position and orient an implant are disclosed. A device includes a frame and a C-ring. The frame includes a fixation component optionally located at a first end and a tracking array optionally located at an opposing second end. The fixation component can be positioned at or near a center axis of the C-ring and is configured to releasably engage a surgical instrument. The tracking array may include tracking elements, such as reflective surfaces. The C-ring may include a plurality of light sources optionally arranged in a radial pattern. The light sources may be selectively illuminated based on a determined realignment to provide optical feedback with respect to at least a direction in which the surgical instrument should be moved to achieve a planned alignment.

This invention provides, inter alia, a device having a cage having an opening or window in at least one of its walls that allows for the insertion of bone growth promoting materials therethrough, comprising one or more openings in one or more of the walls of the cage, designed to receive bone growth promoting materials, including coral-based materials, which facilitate in the fusion with the treated bone, and which optionally serves to reinforce the stability of the implanted structure. Methods of stabilizing two skeletal structures relative to one another, joining two skeletal structures which are discontinuous and repairing a ligament tear or replacing a ligament making use of a bone fusion device of the invention are described.

A computer-assisted surgery system may have a robotic arm including a surgical tool and a processor communicatively connected to the robotic arm. The processor may be configured to receive, from a neural monitor, a signal indicative of a distance between the surgical tool and a portion of a patient's anatomy including nervous tissue. The processor may be further configured to generate a command for altering a degree to which the robotic arm resists movement based on the signal received from the neural monitor; and send the command to the robotic arm.

A system and method for detecting and measuring changes in angular position with respect to a reference plane is useful in surgical procedures for orienting various instruments, prosthesis, and implants with respect to anatomical landmarks. One embodiment of the device uses dual orientation devices of a type capable of measuring angular position changes from a reference position. One such device provides information as to changes in position of an anatomical landmark relative to a reference position. The second device provides information as to changes in position of a surgical instrument and/or prosthesis relative to the reference position.

Proposed are a device for guiding the position of a robot, a method thereof, and a system including the same, the device including a surgical target matcher configured to derive a correlation of a position and a posture between a surgical target and a target marker attached to the surgical target, a robot matcher configured to derive a correlation of a position and a posture between a robot maker and a surgical robot based on an image including the robot marker mounted to the surgical robot and derive a correlation of a position and a posture between the robot marker and a preset work space, and a work space identifier configured to derive a correlation of a position and a posture between the surgical target and the work space based on information about the positions and postures of the target marker and the robot marker.

One variation of a method includes: accessing a virtual patient model defining a target resected contour of a hard tissue of interest; after resection of the hard tissue of interest during a surgical operation, accessing an optical scan recorded by an optical sensor facing a surgical field occupied by a patient, detecting a set of features representing the patient in the optical scan, registering the virtual patient model to the hard tissue of interest in the surgical field based on the set of features, and detecting an actual resected contour of the hard tissue of interest in the optical scan; and calculating a spatial difference between the actual resected contour of the hard tissue of interest and the target resected contour of the hard tissue of interest represented in the virtual patient model registered to the hard tissue of interest in the surgical field.