In an embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition of R (Fe.sub.pM.sub.qCu.sub.r(Co.sub.1-sA.sub.s).sub.1-p-q-r).sub.z (R: rare earth element, M: Ti, Zr, Hf, A: Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Al, Si, Ga, Nb, Ta, W, 0.05p 0.6, 0.005q0.1, 0.01r0.15, 0s0.2, 4z9). The permanent magnet includes a two-phase structure of a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase and a copper-rich phase. An average interval between the copper-rich phases in a cross section including a crystal c axis of the Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase is in a range of over 120 nm and less than 500 nm.

A permanent magnet of the embodiment includes: a composition represented by a composition formula: R(Fe.sub.pM.sub.qCu.sub.rC.sub.tCo.sub.1-p-q-r-t).sub.z (R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, 0.27p0.45, 0.01q0.05, 0.01r0.1, 0.002t0.03, and 6z9); and a metallic structure including a main phase containing a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase, and a sub phase of the element M having an element M concentration of 30 atomic % or more. The sub phase of the element M precipitates in the metallic structure. A ratio of a circumferential length to a precipitated area of the sub phase of the element M is 1 or more and 10 or less.

A SmFeN-based rare earth magnet more resistant to demagnetization than ever before, particularly at high temperatures, and a production method thereof are provided. The present disclosure presents a production method of a rare earth magnet, including mixing a SmFeN magnetic powder and a modifier powder to obtain a mixed powder, compression-molding the mixed powder in a magnetic field to obtain a magnetic-field molded body, pressure-sintering the magnetic-field molded body to obtain a sintered body, and heat-treating the sintered body, and a rare earth magnet obtained by the method. D.sub.50 of the magnetic powder is 1.50 m or more and 3.00 m or less, the content ratio of the zinc component in the modifier powder is 6 mass % or more and 30 mass % or less, and the heat treatment temperature is 350 C. or more and 410 C. or less.

A SmFeN-based magnetic material in which the use amount of Sm is further reduced while enhancing the saturation magnetization, and a production method thereof, are provided. The present disclosure discloses a SmFeN-based magnetic material including a main phase having a crystal structure of at least either Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 type or Th.sub.2Ni.sub.17 type, wherein the main phase is represented by the molar ratio formula (Sm.sub.(1-x-y-z)La.sub.xCe.sub.yR.sup.1.sub.z).sub.2(Fe.sub.(1-p-q-s)Co.sub.pNi.sub.qM.sub.s).sub.17N.sub.h, where R.sup.1 is one or more rare earth elements other than Sm, La and Ce, and Zr, and M is one or more elements other than Fe, Co, Ni and rare earth elements, and an unavoidable impurity element, and 0.09x0.31, 0.24y0.60, 0.51x+y0.75, 0z0.10, 0p+q0.10, 0s0.10, and 2.9h3.1 are satisfied, and a production method thereof.

Provided is an SmFeN rare earth magnet comprising SmFeN crystal grains. An oxygen content in the SmFeN rare earth magnet is 0.5% by mass or less on the basis of a total amount of the SmFeN rare earth magnet, and an average grain size of the SmFeN crystal grains is 1 m or less.

Included is a method of preparing a compound for bonded magnets, the method including: coating a magnetic material having an average particle size of 10 m or less with a thermosetting resin and a curing agent at a ratio of the equivalent weight of the curing agent to the equivalent weight of the thermosetting resin of 2 or higher and 10 or lower to obtain a coated material; granulating the coated material by compression to obtain a granulated product; milling the granulated product to obtain a milled product; and surface treating the milled product with a silane coupling agent to obtain a compound for bonded magnets, the method either including, between the granulation and the milling, heat curing the granulated product to obtain a cured product, or including, between the milling and the surface treatment, heat curing the milled product to obtain a cured product.

Included is a method of preparing a compound for bonded magnets, the method including: coating a magnetic material having an average particle size of 10 m or less with a thermosetting resin and a curing agent at a ratio of the equivalent weight of the curing agent to the equivalent weight of the thermosetting resin of 2 or higher and 10 or lower to obtain a coated material; granulating the coated material by compression to obtain a granulated product; milling the granulated product to obtain a milled product; and surface treating the milled product with a silane coupling agent to obtain a compound for bonded magnets, the method either including, between the granulation and the milling, heat curing the granulated product to obtain a cured product, or including, between the milling and the surface treatment, heat curing the milled product to obtain a cured product.

According to an embodiment, a permanent magnet has a composition represented by a composition formula: R.sub.pFe.sub.qM.sub.rCu.sub.tCo.sub.100-p-q-r-t (where, R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Zr, Ti, and Hf, p is a number that satisfies 10.0 at %p14.5 at %, r is a number that satisfies 1.5 at %<r4.2 at %, t is a number that satisfies 0.5 at %t 9.0 at %, and q is a number that satisfies 17.0 at %q26.0 at %); and a metallic structure including a cell phase having a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 type crystal phase, a cell wall phase formed so as to partition the Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 type crystal phase, and a platelet phase formed so as to intersect with a c-axis of the Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 type crystal phase, in which an average distance between the platelet phases is 10 nm or more and 30 nm or less.

A method of producing a phosphate-coated SmFeN-based anisotropic magnetic powder, the method including performing a phosphate treatment including adding an inorganic acid to a slurry containing a raw material SmFeN-based anisotropic magnetic powder, water, a phosphate compound, and a rare earth compound so that the slurry is adjusted to have a pH of at least 1 and not higher than 4.5 to obtain a phosphate-coated SmFeN-based anisotropic magnetic powder having a surface coated with a phosphate.