A power generation method includes providing power from a first DC power source to a load, while a second DC power source is electrically disconnected from the load, electrically connecting the second DC power source to the load and providing power from the second DC power source to the load if an output voltage from the first DC power source drops below a threshold voltage and an output voltage from the second DC power source is not below the threshold voltage, and electrically disconnecting the first DC power source from the load if an output current of the first DC power source is below a threshold current.

An energy management system having a fuel cell apparatus (150) as a power generator that generates power using fuel, and an EMS (200) that communicates with the fuel cell apparatus (150). The EMS (200) receives messages that indicate a type of the fuel cell apparatus (150), from the fuel cell apparatus (150).

A separator for a fuel cell includes a plurality of channels; and an inlet hole and an outlet hole formed in a first side and a second side of the plurality of channels, respectively, such that a reaction gas flows into and out from the separator to be exposed to a reaction surface including a membrane electrode assembly. The inlet hole is larger in size than the outlet hole.

The present invention relates to a downhole power supply device for supplying power in situ to a power consuming device arranged in a well, comprising a fuel cell producing electricity and water and having a fuel inlet, an oxidising inlet, an electric output and a water outlet, a fuel container fluidly connected to the fuel inlet, and an oxidising agent container fluidly connected to the oxidising inlet, wherein the fuel cell has an internal pressure which is at least 1.0 bar for increasing a boiling temperature of the water produced in the fuel cell. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a downhole system.

The redox flow secondary battery includes an electrolytic cell including a positive electrode cell, a negative electrode cell, and a separation membrane that separates the positive electrode cell and the negative electrode cell. Moreover, the above described redox flow secondary battery is configured as follows. That is, the separation membrane has a microporous membrane and an ion-exchange resin layer contacting the microporous membrane, and the air resistance of the separation membrane per thickness of 200 μm is 10000 sec/100 cc or more. Furthermore, the microporous membrane includes a polyolefin resin or a vinylidene fluoride resin and an inorganic filler. Further, the smoothness of at least a surface of the microporous membrane contacting the ion-exchange resin layer is 16000 seconds or less.

A power supply apparatus, a power supply system, and a power supply method increase the power generation efficiency of the system overall in a system that includes a plurality of power source units. A power supply apparatus operates distributed power sources in parallel, the distributed power sources including power source units, and supplies output power from the distributed power sources to a load. The power supply apparatus includes a controller that controls each power source unit so that output power from whichever of the power source units has higher power generation efficiency is prioritized to increase.

The present disclosure provides a portable haemodialysis system, comprising at least one haemodialyser configured to purify a biological sample. At least one fuel cell is fluidly connected to the at least one haemodialyser, the at least one fuel cell is adapted to receive oxygen and hydrogen from at least one oxygen and hydrogen storage units to generate energy and water. At least one energy reservoir is connected to the at least one fuel cell which is configured to store the energy generated in the at least one fuel cell. The water generated in the at least one fuel cell is supplied to the at least one haemodialyser for purification of the biological sample, and the energy stored in the at least one energy reservoir is used to power the haemodialyser during operation.

Disclosed is a modular electrical energy storage and supply system configured one or more transportable unit for relocating the system from one site location to another site location. The system includes energy storage modules, energy conversion unit, monitoring and control units, one or more energy storage module interconnection interfaces, and other peripheral electrical components arranged spatially separated, securely enclosed, and uniformly distributed within the one or more transportable unit for facilitating transportation and customization of the system. Further, presented is a differentiated system and method for rapidly deploying energy storage in grid-tied, off-grid, backup or other use cases.

A high-temperature fuel cell system includes a reformer that reforms a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen, a fuel cell that generates power by using the reformed gas and an oxidant gas, and a burner that heats the reformer. The burner includes an anode-off-gas gathering portion that has an anode-off-gas ejection hole and at which an anode off-gas discharged from an anode of the fuel cell gathers. The anode-off-gas gathering portion surrounds a first cathode-off-gas passing area through which a cathode off-gas discharged from a cathode of the fuel cell passes. The anode-off-gas ejection hole is formed such that the anode off-gas ejected upward from the anode-off-gas ejection hole approaches the cathode off-gas passing upward through the first cathode-off-gas passing area. The anode off-gas ejected from the anode-off-gas ejection hole and the cathode off-gas that has passed through the first cathode-off-gas passing area are burned.

Some embodiments include a system. The system can comprise an energy source supply hub and an energy source supply appliance. The energy source supply hub can comprise a hub energy source supply system and a hub vehicle configured to transport the hub energy source supply system. Further, the hub energy source supply system can comprise a hub energy source supply subsystem configured to receive an energy source. Meanwhile, the energy source supply appliance can comprise an appliance energy source supply system and an appliance vehicle configured to transport the appliance energy source supply system. Further, the appliance energy source supply system can comprise an appliance energy source supply subsystem configured to receive the energy source from the hub energy source supply subsystem and to make available the energy source received to a receiver vehicle. Other embodiments of related systems, devices, and methods also are provided.