A carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membrane having improved separation characteristics for separating olefins from their corresponding paraffins is comprised of carbon with at most trace amounts of sulfur and a transition metal, wherein the transition metal is one or more of a group 4-10 and 12 transition metal. The CMS membrane may be made by pyrolyzing a precursor polymer devoid of sulfur in which the precursor polymer has had a transition metal incorporated into it. The pyrolyzing for the precursor having the transition metal incorporated into it is performed in a nonoxidizing atmosphere and at a heating rate and temperature such that the metal has a valence greater than zero (i.e., not metal bonded) to a valence desirably closer to its maximum valence.

A design is provided to convert a gas subcooled process plant to a recycle split vapor process for recovering ethane and propane from natural gas. When in operation, the recovery of ethane and propane can exceed 97 to 99 wt. % of the stream being processed. A second smaller demethanizer column is added to the gas subcooled process plant as well as the addition of several cryogenic pumps.

Methods and systems to decarbonize natural gas using sulfur to produce hydrogen and polymers are provided. Sulfur can be introduced in elemental form or as hydrogen sulfide, as may be desired. Decarbonization of natural gas involves introducing natural gas and H.sub.2S to a first reactor to produce first reactor products including CS.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The CS.sub.2 can subsequently be polymerized and the H.sub.2 recovered in a purified form with little or no carbon emissions.

A multi-stage system comprising a digester, a bioreactor, a scrubber, a biofilter, and a membrane filter extracts and purifies biogas from a wastewater feed. The digester separates raw biogas from wastewater, the wastewater is then purified with a three-stage bacterial process in a bioreactor. The scrubber receives raw biogas from the digester under pressure, dissolving waste gases and purifying the methane, which can be further condensed and purified in the membrane filter. The bioreactor receives waste gases from the scrubber and membrane filter, with the ammonia portion of the waste gases rising through water from the bioreactor and being converted by annamox bacteria into nitrogen gas. The multiply recycled gas and water feeds produce a biogas having high purity and reduced atmospheric emissions of waste gases.

Methods of contacting a fluid comprising a light hydrocarbon with a metal-organic framework adsorbent having bis(pyrazolyl) ethanediimine ligands and internal pores; adsorbing the fluid in at least a portion of the internal pores of the metal-organic framework thereby creating an adsorbed fluid; storing the adsorbed fluid in the internal pores of the metal-organic framework; and releasing the adsorbed fluid from the internal pores of the metal-organic framework, wherein the metal-organic framework adsorbent undertakes a reversible phase transition upon adsorbing the fluid. Systems of a metal-organic framework having bis(pyrazolyl) ethanediimine ligands and internal pores, wherein the metal-organic framework undertakes a reversible phase transition upon adsorption and desorption of a light hydrocarbon fluid; wherein the fluid is stored in the internal pores of the metal-organic framework.

A method for treating an aromatic mineral oil or a mixture of aromatic mineral oil and naphthenic mineral oil, the oil or the mixture of oils being loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the method including a—optional removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon s having a molecular weight greater than or equal to 200 from the aromatic mineral oil or the mixture of aromatic mineral oil and naphthenic mineral oil loaded with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; b—extraction, at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons having a molecular weight lower than 200 solubilised in the oil or the mixture of oils obtained in step (a); and c—recovery of the oil or the mixture of oils depleted in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

A fuel oxidation system including an inlet in fluid communication with an interior of a sealed container, and the sealed container is holding permeated gas released from a pressure vessel within the sealed container. Another inlet is in fluid communication with an environment surrounding the sealed container, and the environment includes oxygen gas (O.sub.2). An oxidation module is in fluid communication with the inlet and the other inlet, and the oxidation module is combining the permeated gas received by the inlet with the oxygen gas (O.sub.2) received by the other inlet to form a preferred substance.

Disclosed herein are carbon molecular sieves and methods of making the same through the pyrolysis of a polymer precursor in the presence of a reactive gas stream including a hydrogen source.

A process for producing functionalized organic molecules having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The method includes the step of contacting carbon dioxide as the only gas, or a gas mixture that includes carbon dioxide and methane, in the presence of water, with a catalyst that includes permanently polarized hydroxyapatite.

A gas treatment method includes: a process (a) of allowing gas to be treated in which a target substance to be treated is mixed with air to pass through inside a housing, the target substance to be treated exhibiting volatility at room temperature and belonging to at least one substance selected from a group consisting of carbon compounds, nitrogen compounds, and sulfur compounds; a process (b) of introducing ozone into a space through which the gas to be treated flows inside the housing at 200° C. or lower; a process (c) of stirring the gas to be treated after the process (b); and a process (d) of heating the gas to be treated to 300° C. or higher after executing the process (c).