A coated substrate comprising a coating layer with inorganic oxide and pores, the coating layer demonstrates improved anti-soiling properties. The coated substrate may for example be used in solar modules. Further a coating formulation and use of the coating formulation are disclosed.

One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a front glass cover, a back glass cover, a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front and back glass covers, and a single encapsulant layer positioned between the front glass cover and the photovoltaic structures. A surface of the photovoltaic structures is in direct contact with the back glass cover.

A deflection pad may include a body including two peaks, and a recess in the body between the two peaks, the recess may be sized to accommodate a fastener such that when deployed, the fastener is below a height of the two peaks within the recess. The deflection pad may include arms projecting in a direction generally opposite the two peaks, the arms biased inward towards the recess. The deflection pad may be included in a system that includes a torsion beam and one or more support racks to which multiple PV modules may be attached, where the support are racks attached to the torsion beam. One or more deflection pads may be positioned on the support racks to be below the PV modules.

Four dimensional (4D) energy-field package assembly for projecting energy fields according to a 4D coordinate function. The 4D energy-field package assembly includes an energy-source system having energy sources capable of providing energy to energy locations, and energy waveguides for directing energy from the energy locations from one side of the energy waveguide to another side of the energy waveguide along energy propagation paths.

Solar trackers that may be advantageously employed on sloped and/or variable terrain to rotate solar panels to track motion of the sun across the sky include bearing assemblies and other mechanical features configured to address mechanical challenges posed by the sloped and/or variable terrain that might otherwise prevent or complicate use of solar trackers on such terrain.

A solar panel mounting system including a rail and a clip. When a first notch of the rail receives a portion of a rib of the rail, the clip is positioned on the rail to receive an end of a first solar panel having a first thickness, and when a second notch of the rail receives the portion of the rib, the clip is positioned on the rail to receive an end of a second solar panel having a second thickness different than the first thickness of the first solar panel.

The present disclosure discloses a low-water-vapor-permeability polyolefin-elastomer film and its preparation method. The film comprises: 50-100 mass parts of a matrix resin, 0-40 mass parts of a modified resin, 0.001-2 mass parts of an activator, 0.1-3 mass parts of an organic peroxide, 0.02-5 mass parts of an assistant cross-linker, 0.02-2 mass parts of a silane coupling agent, 0.005-2 mass parts of a light stabilizer, and 0-20 mass parts of a water blocking filler. In the present disclosure, by adding the modified resin and the activator that have an active group, a cross-linking degree and a cross-linking density of the film are improved, and a water-vapor permeability is reduced; by adding the water blocking filler, the water blocking property of the film is further improved, thereby ensuring reliability of the assembly, and prolonging service life of the assembly.

The present disclosure relates to a photodiode comprising a first part made of silicon and a second part made of doped germanium lying on and in contact with the first part, the first part comprising a stack of a first area and of a second area forming a p-n junction and the doping level of the germanium increasing as the distance from the p-n junction increases.

A lighthouse includes a mast device and a lighting device mounted on the mast device. The lighthouse further includes a main body including a box body and a top cover, the top cover is arranged on a top of the box body, the top cover and the box body define a receiving chamber, and the top cover is movable or detachable relative to the box body to open or close the receiving chamber. The lighthouse is convenient for overhaul and maintenance, and improves the maintenance efficiency.

First, first cell wiring members from the first solar cell and second cell wiring members from the second solar cell are sandwiched between a wiring member film and a second bridge wiring member. Subsequently, the first cell wiring members and the second cell wiring members are connected to the second bridge wiring member by applying heat to at least the first cell wiring members, the second cell wiring members, and the second bridge wiring member by induction heating.