The present invention provides a method of controlling bacterial contamination using synergistic interactions of antimicrobials. The invention consists of combinations of chlorine dioxide and organic acid whose combined antimicrobial effect is greater than the sum of their individual activities, i.e., synergistic.

The invention relates to an integrated process for alcohol production and organic acid production from lignocellulosic material.

This disclosure relates to the field of renewable oil compositions and to the use of renewable oil compositions for production of hydrocarbon compositions, which can be used for traffic fuels and other solutions. An exemplary composition contains free fatty acids and triglycerides, in a concentration of free fatty acids from 15 wt-% to 80 wt-% and a remainder being predominantly triglycerides. A method for producing hydrocarbons from a renewable oil feedstock, in which the feedstock which contains free fatty acids from 15 wt-% to 80 wt-%, and a remainder being predominantly triglycerides, is subjected to a pretreatment process followed by a hydrotreatment process for obtaining hydrocarbons.

A method of producing saccharides, in which fluidity of the slurry including biomass can be retained; the used amount of the degrading enzyme can be reduced; and high concentration saccharides can be produced, is provided. In addition, a method of producing ethanol, in which high concentration ethanol can produced, is provided. The method of producing saccharides includes the steps of: adding a cellulose degrading enzyme to a slurry including a biomass; and degrading the cellulose included in the biomass by the degrading enzyme to produce saccharide including glucose as a major component. The concentration of the cellulose is retained at 75 g/L or less in a mixed solution including the slurry, the degrading enzyme, and an adsorption inhibitor inhibiting adsorption of the degrading enzyme to a lignin contained in the biomass.

The present invention relates to compositions to induce production of proteins, e.g., enzymes, e.g., amylases or biomass degrading enzymes in a host cell, and methods for increasing the yield of the proteins, e.g., enzymes produced. Such compositions comprise a caramelized sugar product. The methods described herein can also be used to enhance processing of biomass materials, e.g., to produce sugar products.

Embodiments of the invention provide a portable charcoal system and method of operating thereof, wherein the portable charcoal system comprises a first compartment adapted to burn a material, a second compartment connected to the first compartment and adapted to receive the material from the first compartment, and a third compartment adapted to receive the material from the second compartment, the third compartment comprising an auger adapted to move the material from a back end to a front end, and out of the third compartment. The portable charcoal system further includes a source of air.

Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

The present invention relates to a method for the valorization of gaseous effluents derived from alcoholic fermentation, comprising: a step of alcoholic fermentation in a bioreactor producing a fermented matter and a gaseous effluent, wherein the gaseous effluent comprises carbon dioxide; a step of extraction of the gaseous effluent from the bioreactor, followed by compression thereof, in order to obtain a compressed gaseous effluent; and a step of production of a suspension of alkaline bicarbonate in a bicarbonate production unit, wherein the bicarbonate production unit is divided into at least two compartments arranged successively in series. The present invention also relates to a corresponding plant.

Highly mesoporous activated carbon products are disclosed with mesoporosities characterized by mesopore volumes of 0.7 to 1.0 cubic centimeters per gram or greater. Also disclosed are activated carbon products characterized by a Molasses Number of about 500 to 1000 or greater. Also disclosed are activated carbon products characterized by a Tannin Value of about 100 to 35 or less. The activated carbon products may be further characterized by total pore volumes of at least 0.85 cubic centimeters per gram and BET surface areas of at least about 800 square meters per gram. The activated carbon product may be derived from a renewable feedstock.

The present invention provides process for treating crop kernels, comprising the steps of a) soaking kernels in water to produce soaked kernels; b) grinding the soaked kernels; c) treating the soaked kernels in the presence of an effective amount of GH62 polypeptide having arabinofuranosidase activity or a GH43 polypeptide having arabinofuranosidase activity, wherein step c) is performed before, during or after step b).