A battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a housing configured to accommodate the electrode assembly and having an opening, an end cover configured to close the opening of the housing, and a current collecting member configured to electrically couple the electrode assembly to the end cover. The current collecting member is at least partly located between the electrode assembly and the end cover and abuts against the electrode assembly. The current collecting member has a hole. The electrode assembly is partly accommodated in the hole and contact a hole wall of the hole.

A manufacturing method of a battery includes: an injection step of injecting the electrolytic solution into the intermediate member via an unsealed portion; and a permeation step of causing the electrolytic solution to permeate the intermediate member. The electrode body includes a power generation element and a first collector terminal and a second collector terminal. The power generation element has a first side and a second side corresponding to long sides in the rectangular shape of the power generation element, and a third side and a fourth side corresponding to short sides in the rectangular shape of the power generation element. The first collector terminal and the second collector terminal are placed on the first side and on the second side, respectively. In the permeation step, the intermediate member is placed such that the first side is placed on a vertically lower side as a first arrangement state.

According to an embodiment, a winding apparatus includes a winding core and an air flow controller. The winding core winds a belt-shaped structure comprising a substrate and an edge-coating part that covers an edge of a substrate in a width direction, the edge-coating part being coated with a material liquid on a surface of the substrate. The air flow controller has a nozzle that performs at least either ejection or suction of a gas, and adjusts an air flow in the vicinity of the edge-coating part of the film of the belt-shaped structure, which is wound by a winding core.

A battery including power generation units each including a positive electrode layer, a separator layer, and a negative electrode layer. The area of either one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer is larger than the area of the other one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer. The power generation units each has a non-facing region. In the non-facing region, a first penetration portion is placed. The power generation units provided as the pair are stacked along the thickness direction via a first current collector including a second penetration portion corresponding to the first penetration portions. In the power generation units provided as the pair, two separator layers facing each other are fixed by a first fixing portion positioned in the first penetration portion and the second penetration portion.

A disclosed method is a method of manufacturing a battery including a wound electrode assembly in which a first separator, a negative electrode plate, a second separator, and a positive electrode plate are wound together. The method includes steps of winding the first separator, the negative electrode plate, the second separator, and the positive electrode plate onto a winding core, to prepare a wound electrode assembly, and removing the wound electrode assembly from the winding core. The winding core includes a first component and a second component. In the step of removing the wound electrode assembly from the winding core, at least one of the first component and the second component moves in a direction in which a distance between the first component and the second component decrease so that a diameter of the winding core decreases. Thereafter, the wound electrode assembly is removed from the winding core.

A method of manufacturing a battery includes the step of: (A) winding a first separator, a second separator, a positive electrode plate, and a negative electrode plate onto a winding core disposed at a first position; (B) moving the winding core away from the first position and disposing another winding core at the first position; (C) cutting the first separator and the second separator wound on the winding core moved away from the first position, at a groove provided in an outer circumferential surface of the other winding core along the axial direction of the other winding core, with the first separator and the second separator being retained on the outer circumferential surface of the other winding core disposed at the first position; and (D) winding the first separator and the second separator onto the winding core moved away from the first position up to a cut edge portion.

A method of manufacturing a battery is disclosed. The method includes the steps of (A) suction-attaching the first separator to a winding core, (B) winding the first separator on the winding core, and (C) removing the wound electrode assembly from the winding core. The winding core includes a first group of holes and a second group of holes each formed in its outer circumferential surface. In step (A), suction is applied to the first separator through at least one of the first group of holes and the second group of holes, to suction-attach the first separator to the winding core. The first group of holes and the second group of holes are configured to be controllable so as to cause suction and gas discharge independently from each other.

A method of manufacturing method a battery includes the following steps. Step (A): causing, with the first separator and the second separator being stacked on each other, the first separator and the second separator to be suction-attached to a winding core and to be pressed against the winding core with a jig including a plurality of protrusions formed on a surface of the jig. Step (B): winding the first separator and the second separator onto the winding core.

Provided are a solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a semiconductor substrate, in which a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate having a first texture structure, the first texture structure includes two or more first substructures at least partially stacked on one another, and in a direction away from the rear surface and perpendicular to the rear surface, a distance between a top surface of an outermost first substructure and a top surface of an adjacent first substructure being less than or equal to 2μm; a first passivation layer located on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate; a tunnel oxide layer located on the first texture structure; a doped conductive layer located on a surface of the tunnel oxide layer; and a second passivation layer located on a surface of the doped conductive layer.

Lighting systems that include an LED and a silicone module designed to contain a lens are described herein.