In a power generation system, exhausted fuel gas exhausted from a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is used as a fuel of a first combustor or a second combustor of a gas turbine, and at the same time, a part of compressed air compressed by a compressor of the gas turbine is used to drive the SOFC. The gas turbine includes the first combustor for burning fuel gas which is different from the exhausted fuel gas, a first turbine configured to be driven by combustion gas supplied from the first combustor, the second combustor for burning at least a part of the exhausted fuel gas, and a second turbine coupled with the first turbine and configured to be driven by combustion gas supplied from the second combustor.

A drive circuit comprising a DC bus configured to supply power to a load, a first fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a first power output to the DC bus, and a second fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a second power output to the DC bus supplemental to the first fuel cell. The drive circuit further includes an energy storage device coupled to the DC bus and configured to receive energy from the DC bus when a combined output of the first and second fuel cells is greater than a power demand from a load, and provide energy to the DC bus when the combined output of the first and second fuel cells is less than the power demand from the load.

For initiating a control function based on a real time available fault current measurement, a measurement module measures an operating voltage, a short voltage, and a ring parameter of alternating current power lines. A processor calculates an impedance of the power lines as a function of the operating voltage, the short voltage, and the ring parameter. The processor further calculates a dynamic available fault current as a function of the impedance. In addition, the processor initiates a control function based on the available fault current.

In a power generation system, exhausted fuel gas exhausted from a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is used as a fuel of a first combustor or a second combustor of a gas turbine, and at the same time, a part of compressed air compressed by a compressor of the gas turbine is used to drive the SOFC. The gas turbine includes the first combustor for burning fuel gas which is different from the exhausted fuel gas, a first turbine configured to be driven by combustion gas supplied from the first combustor, the second combustor for burning at least a part of the exhausted fuel gas, and a second turbine coupled with the first turbine and configured to be driven by combustion gas supplied from the second combustor.

A drive circuit comprising a DC bus configured to supply power to a load, a first fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a first power output to the DC bus, and a second fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a second power output to the DC bus supplemental to the first fuel cell. The drive circuit further includes an energy storage device coupled to the DC bus and configured to receive energy from the DC bus when a combined output of the first and second fuel cells is greater than a power demand from a load, and provide energy to the DC bus when the combined output of the first and second fuel cells is less than the power demand from the load.

A power supply system comprises a fuel cell and a battery, each for supplying electrical power to a load. The system is controlled to use the fuel cell for a first period of time (82) to supply electrical power to the load, wherein the power demand is constant over a first time period (82). The battery is used simultaneously with the fuel cell for a second supply time of electrical power to the load, wherein the power varies (84). In this way, fluctuating output is provided by the battery, and the fuel cell output is maintained as constant as possible to prolong the lifetime. During the second supply time, the power to the load (80) can be provided as a constant contribution from the fuel cell and a variable contribution from the battery.

Various embodiments enable the operation of fuel cell system support equipment using variable frequency drives and power from fuel cells and/or grid power sources.

A power producing system adapted to be integrated with a flue gas generating assembly, the flue gas generating assembly including one or more of a fossil fueled installation, a fossil fueled facility, a fossil fueled device, a fossil fueled power plant, a boiler, a combustor, a furnace and a kiln in a cement factory, and the power producing system utilizing flue gas containing carbon dioxide and oxygen output by the flue gas generating assembly and comprising: a fuel cell comprising an anode section and a cathode section, wherein inlet oxidant gas to the cathode section of the fuel cell contains the flue gas output from the flue gas generating assembly; and a gas separation assembly receiving anode exhaust output from the anode section of the fuel cell and including a chiller assembly for cooling the anode exhaust to a predetermined temperature so as to liquefy carbon dioxide in the anode exhaust, wherein waste heat produced by the fuel cell is utilized to drive the chiller assembly.

A portable flame electric generation device having metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells includes a furnace, a heat shield structure, a plurality of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells and a housing structure. Each of the metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells includes a porous metal substrate, a first anode layer, a second anode layer, an anode isolation layer, an electrolyte layer, a cathode isolation layer, a cathode interface layer and a cathode current-collecting layer. The metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell is capable of quickly starting up and withstanding thermal shocks, and also liquefied fuel cartridges are applied as heating and fuel sources for transforming the CO and H.sub.2 fuels into electricity via electrochemical reactions.

A fuel cell system includes a heater and a radiator provided in a waste heat recovery circulation line. The heater converts the surplus power of a solid oxide fuel cell into heat when a grid power network and the solid oxide fuel cell switch from the inter-connected state to the disconnected state. The radiator controls the temperature of the heat produced in the heater.