A power supply control apparatus, where the power supply control apparatus is configured to control power supply to a cabinet in a data center is presented, where the power supply control apparatus includes a communications module configured to receive an instruction of a network management center, and a controllable switch configured to adjust a capacity of the controllable switch according to the instruction to perform power-on/power-off control on the cabinet. In various embodiments, a power supply control apparatus may receive an instruction of a network management center, and can adjust a capacity of a controllable switch according to the instruction, which enhances power distribution flexibility, and therefore, a workload of changing a switch and a power cable can be reduced, and an engineering related risk can be avoided.

An energy storage device including at least one battery pack; a communication module configured to transmit power-on information or energy storage amount information to a power management device and to receive a charge command or discharge command from the power management device; a connector configured to receive alternating current (AC) power, supplied to an internal power network through a photovoltaic module, from the internal power network based on the charge command or to output AC power to the internal power network based on the discharge command; and a power converter configured to, when the charge command is received from the power management device, convert the AC power from the internal power network into direct current (DC) power based on the charge command, or, when the discharge command is received from the power management device, convert DC power stored in the at least one battery pack into AC power based on the discharge command.

Disclosed is a method and instrumentation for predictive and adaptive controllers devised to ensure uninterrupted operation of standalone electrical supply systems powered by sustainable energy sources. The device hereby referred to as SelfMaster is an expert system that manages the energy conversion, storage, and consumption in an isolated electric grid based on data collected during past and current operation of the system and predicted future states of the primary energy sources, storage level, and demand. The sustainable primary energy sources managed by SelfMaster may include, but not limited to, wind force, solar radiation, and biofuels. The energy storage system is a combination of batteries, hydrogen, biofuel, and hot water tanks. Electric demand consists of critical, non-critical, and deferrable loads identified according to the activities supported by the supply system.

A system for shifting energy demand from on-peak time windows to off-peak time windows by using hot water heater load shifting, while providing the end user with the level of service (i.e., availability of hot water) according to the user's customary use described by service quality criteria. The shift is accomplished by a controller located at the end user establishment and in communication with a central control server. The controller monitors local water heater temperature and controls heating elements in accordance with a demand shift process commanded by the central control server. The controller may determine usage and remaining capacity for reporting back to the central control server. A volumetric capacity and usage determination is disclosed. The control server may select water heaters according to use and/or capacity. Further embodiments may regulate load dependent properties of the power including voltage, phase and/or frequency.

Systems and methods for managing power supplied over an electric power grid by an electric utility and/or other market participants to multiplicity of grid elements and devices for supply and/or load curtailment as supply, each of which having a Power Supply Value (PSV) associated with its energy consumption and/or reduction in consumption and/or supply, and wherein messaging is managed through a network by a Coordinator using IP messaging for communication with the grid elements and devices, with the energy management system (EMS), and with the utilities, market participants, and/or grid operators.

A method is directed to monitoring and controlling first and second second microgrid systems. The first microgrid system includes a plurality of first loads, a first photovoltaic power generation system, a first energy storage system, and a first energy control system. The second microgrid system includes a plurality of second loads, a second photovoltaic power generation system, a second energy storage system, and a second energy control system. The method includes transmitting, by the first energy control system, electronic data relating to the first microgrid system over a network to a computing device. The method includes transmitting, by the second energy control system, electronic data relating to the second microgrid system over the network to the computing device. The method includes calculating, by the computing device, a state of the electrical system based on the electronic data relating to the first and second microgrid systems.

Energy allocation system comprises a solar panel system and a local energy storage system, each capable of being plugged into a power socket of a home grid and each having a communication unit. The system further comprises a control unit, comprising a third communication unit, configured to receive the information relating to the solar panel system, and the information relating to the energy storage system via said communication units, and a processing unit. The processing unit is configured to determine, based on the received information, an allocation of energy in the home grid to the energy storage system, and to accordingly generate a control signal for the energy storage system. The third communication unit is further configured to transmit the generated control signal to the energy storage system.

Systems and methods for managing power supplied over an electric power grid by an electric utility and/or other market participants to a multiplicity of grid elements and devices for supply and/or load curtailment as supply, each of which having a supply equivalence value associated with its energy consumption and/or reduction in consumption and/or supply, and wherein messaging is managed through a network by a coordinator using IP messaging for communication with the grid elements and devices, with the energy management system (EMS), and with the utilities, market participants, and/or grid operators.

An electrical power generator system may include two or more paralleled generators. At least one of the generators includes a first power source and a second power source. A disconnection of a first power source is identified at a generator controller of one of the generators. The generator controller may be configured to access or generate a power failure message indicative of the disconnection of the first power source. The generator controller may be configured to transmit the power failure message using the second power source because the second power source is switched to the generator controller in response to the disconnection of the first power source. The system may enter a communication failure handling mode based on the power failure message.

In one embodiment, there is provided a power interchange system for distributing direct current (DC) electrical power. The power interchange system comprises a plurality of nodes comprising a first node and a second node. The first node comprises a first communication device and a first power source to power the first communication device. The second node comprises a second communication device and a second power source to power the second communication device. The power interchange system further comprises a wired cable connecting the first node and the second node. The wired cable comprises at least one first wire to convey DC power from the first power source of the first node to the second node to power the second communication device or from the second power source of the second node to the first node to power the first communication device.