In an absorbent article a three-dimensional opening hole mesh sheet, having a face which faces skin of a wearer of the absorbent article and a reverse or opposite side face within the absorbent article, is combined with an absorber which includes an air-laid pulp non-woven fabric. The mesh sheet has an array of mechanically embossed concave portions forming protrusions on the skin-facing face of the mesh sheet and recesses on the reverse or opposite face, i.e., the unexposed face inside the absorbent article.

A method for inspecting disposable absorbent articles, the method comprising: providing a controller comprising an inspection algorithm with a convolutional neural network; providing a sensor, preferably selected from the group consisting of an optical sensor, thermal sensor, and combinations thereof; the sensor being in data communication with the controller; providing a reference database, wherein the reference database comprises a plurality of pre-processed images of disposable absorbent articles and/or components thereof that have been labeled with one or more of: a feature or element of the article and/or component thereof; a non-acceptable defect within a feature or element of the article and/or component thereof; an acceptable defect within a feature or element of the article and/or component thereof; an acceptable faultless feature or element of the article and/or component thereof; and combinations thereof; and the method comprising the steps of: training the convolutional neural network preferably through a plurality of iterations or epochs: optionally validating the training, wherein the training step is repeated until a mean average precision score (MAP) of at least 0.9 is attained according to the formula (I) where Q is the number of queries: advancing one or more substrates through a converting process along a machine direction to form an array of absorbent articles; creating a plurality of images of said array of absorbent articles with the sensor; transmitting the images from the sensor to the controller; determining at least one of the properties for the labeled component with the inspection algorithm; cutting the substrate into discrete articles; and based on the determination of the least one of the properties for the labeled component, executing a control action, wherein the control action is selected from the group of automatic rejection of one or more articles, automatic machine-setting adjustment, a warning signal for machine maintenance scheduling. and a machine stop command.

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{MAP}=\frac{{.Math.}_{q=1}^Q\mathrm{AP}\left(q\right)}{Q}& \left(I\right)\end{array}$

A multi-component topsheet for an absorbent article includes a first discrete substrate forming about 80% or more of an outer perimeter of the topsheet and a second discrete substrate wherein about 80% or more of an outer perimeter of the second discrete substrate is joined to the first discrete substrate, wherein the topsheet has a single layer of substrate in about 75% or more of the total area of the topsheet and a dual layer of substrate in about 25% or less of the total area of the topsheet.

A liquid permeable substrate for an absorbent article is disclosed. The substrate includes a first layer including a hydrophobic material and a second layer including a hydrophilic material. The first layer is joined to the second layer. The substrate includes a plurality of recesses, a plurality of projections, and a plurality of land areas. The land areas surround at least a majority of the plurality of projections and a plurality of the recesses. The plurality of recesses, the plurality of projections, and the plurality of land areas together form a first three-dimensional surface on a first side of the substrate and a second three-dimensional surface on a second side of the substrate. The substrate has an overall z-directional height in the range of about 1000 m to about 6000 m according to the Overall Substrate Height Test.

A multi-component topsheet for an absorbent article includes a first discrete substrate, a second discrete substrate, and a third discrete substrate, wherein the second discrete substrate is disposed at least partially intermediate the first discrete substrate and the third discrete substrate, wherein the second discrete substrate is joined to the first discrete substrate and the third discrete substrate, wherein the topsheet has a single layer of substrate in about 80% or more of the total area of the topsheet and a dual layer of substrate in about 20% or less of the total area of the topsheet.

An evaluation method of a wearing state of a disposable diaper including an elastic region in a waist portion or leg-surrounding portions, the evaluation method including: an evaluation image acquiring process in which a terminal including a photographing function acquires an image including at least a part of the elastic region as an evaluation image in the wearing state of the disposable diaper; and an evaluation process of evaluating the wearing state of the disposable diaper based on a degree of deformation of the evaluation image.

To know an absorption and diffusion state with time of drainage. In a state in which an absorbent article is put on a human body type dummy doll equipped with a body fluid-supplying means, the absorbent article is photographed after the fluid is excreted from the dummy doll by an X-ray CT apparatus; and at least one absorption modes of absorption modes of the drainage into the absorbent article after the excretion in the state in which the absorbent article is put on the dummy doll, and absorption dynamics of the drainage on the absorbent article after the excretion is displayed/analyzed based on the photographed image.

A liquid permeable substrate for an absorbent article is disclosed. The substrate includes a first layer including a hydrophobic material and a second layer including a hydrophilic material. The first layer is joined to the second layer. The substrate includes a plurality of recesses, a plurality of projections, and a plurality of land areas. The land areas surround at least a majority of the plurality of projections and a plurality of the recesses. The plurality of recesses, the plurality of projections, and the plurality of land areas together form a first three-dimensional surface on a first side of the substrate and a second three-dimensional surface on a second side of the substrate. The substrate has an overall z-directional height in the range of about 1000 ?m to about 6000 ?m according to the Overall Substrate Height Test.

The invention relates an absorbent article and a process for making an absorbent article. The absorbent article comprises an acquisition and distribution system comprising at least one acquisition and/or distribution layer comprising one or more saturated carboxylic acids. The one or more saturated carboxylic acids are each selected from the group of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids. The one or more saturated carboxylic acids each have a pK.sub.a for the first acid dissociation in water and the pK.sub.a of each carboxylic acid is from 2.5 to 5.0.

A disposable diaper is provided. The diaper comprises a topsheet comprising a first nonwoven web. The topsheet has a basis weight greater than 25 gsm, according to the Basis Weight Test herein. The diaper comprises a backsheet comprising a second nonwoven web and a film. The film has a WVTR value of less than 6,500 g/m.sup.2, according to the WVTR Test herein. The diaper comprises an absorbent core comprising an absorbent particulate polymer material disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. The absorbent core is substantially cellulose free. The diaper has a relative humidity of less than 75%, according to the Humidity Test herein.