A fabrication apparatus and system for facilitating three dimensional motion of an object within the system. The apparatus and system utilizing a delta style manipulation system having a plurality of guide rails and corresponding gliders. The guide rails having an extended axial body having rigid side wall with a hollow interior cavity. The guide rail further including a key or slot extending through the side wall, the key or slot being parallel to a main central axis of each guide rail. A corresponding glider is provided for each guide rail, each glider having an exterior portion and an interior portion, wherein the exterior portion substantially encompasses the guide rail about an outer surface, and the interior portion being coupled to a driving mechanism which facilitates axial motion of the glider about the guide rail.

A tool welding system is disclosed that includes a table that heats a tool. A multi-axis robot includes a welding head that is moved relative to the table in response to a command. A controller is in communication with the robot and generates the command in response to welding parameters. The weld parameters are based upon a difference between an initial tool shape and a desired tool shape. The difference between the initial tool shape and the desired tool shape corresponds to a desired weld shape. The desired weld shape is adjusted based upon initial tool shape variations, which includes thermal growth of the tool. The tool is welded to provide the desired weld shape to achieve a desired tool shape.

One aspect of the invention relates to an exemplary method for measuring latency of display response of a touch screen on a touch screen based device, comprising recording, by a video camera, an interaction with the touch screen, correlating, by a processor in operative communication with the video camera, data retrieved from the recording to the interaction; and determining, by the processor, a latency of the response of the touch screen to the first contact. An interaction may comprise at least a first contact between a member and the touch screen, and a response of the touch screen to the first contact, including at least a first change of a frame of a display of the touch screen.

An apparatus including at least one drive; a first robot arm having a first upper arm, a first forearm and a first end effector. The first upper arm is connected to the at least one drive at a first axis of rotation. A second robot arm has a second upper arm, a second forearm and a second end effector. The second upper arm is connected to the at least one drive at a second axis of rotation which is spaced from the first axis of rotation. The first and second robot arms are configured to locate the end effectors in first retracted positions for stacking substrates located on the end effectors at least partially one above the another. The first and second robot arms are configured to extend the end effectors from the first retracted positions in a first direction along parallel first paths located at least partially directly one above the other. The first and second robot arms are configured to extend the end effectors in at least one second direction along second paths spaced from one another which are not located above one another. The first upper arm and the first forearm have different effective lengths. The second upper arm and the second forearm have different effective lengths.

An industrial robot may include a robot main body; and an elevating mechanism to raise and lower the robot main body. The robot main body may include a hand, an arm to which the hand is joined, a main body portion to which the arm is joined, and an arm-elevating mechanism. The elevating mechanism may include a drive unit, guide rails, a guide block, and a joining member joining the robot main body and the guide block. The housing may include a flat cover between the guide block and the main body unit. Slit through-holes may be formed in the cover to enable the joining member to move in the up-down direction.

A horizontal articulated robot in which an arm moves in the horizontal direction for use with objects to be transferred may include a hand on which the objects are to be mounted. The arm may have at least two arm portions including a hand-side arm portion to which the hand is rotatably joined to the front end thereof; and a second hand-side arm portion to which the base end of the hand-side arm portion is rotatably joined to the front end thereof; and a main body portion to which the base end of the arm is rotatably joined. A level which may be attached to the hand, the arm or the main body portion after an inclination of a center axis of rotation of the hand-side arm portion with respect to the second hand-side arm portion is adjusted relative to the vertical direction.

A robot system includes a robot cell that includes a robot and a cell in which the robot is provided and enables coexistence with a human, and an installation area of the robot cell is less than 637,500 mm.sup.2 and the robot cell is movable. Further, the robot includes an n-th (n is an integer number equal to or more than one) arm rotatable about an n-th rotation shaft and an (n+1)th arm provided on the n-th arm rotatably about an (n+1)th rotation shaft in a shaft direction different from a shaft direction of the n-th rotation shaft, and a length of the n-th arm is longer than a length of the (n+1)th arm and the n-th arm and the (n+1)th arm can overlap as seen from the (n+1)th rotation shaft.

A horizontal articulated robot in which an arm moves in the horizontal direction for use with objects to be transferred may include a hand on which the objects are to be mounted. The arm may have at least two arm portions including a hand-side arm portion to which the hand is rotatably joined to the front end thereof; and a second hand-side arm portion to which the base end of the hand-side arm portion is rotatably joined to the front end thereof; and a main body portion to which the base end of the arm is rotatably joined. A level which may be attached to the hand, the arm or the main body portion after an inclination of a center axis of rotation of the hand-side arm portion with respect to the second hand-side arm portion is adjusted relative to the vertical direction.

A machining apparatus includes a robot including a first arm portion, a second arm portion, a tip portion, a second actuator swinging the first arm portion around a second axis, a third actuator swinging the second arm portion around a third axis, a seventh actuator adjusting a distance between the second axis and the third axis, and an end effector provided to a tip portion and applying machining to a workpiece. The robot is positioned such that a movable range of a tip portion of the first arm portion or a base end portion of the second arm portion interferes with the workpiece when the first arm portion is rotated around the second axis, where the distance is made longest, in a state where the robot exactly faces the workpiece.

A robotic surgery system comprises a mounting base, a plurality of surgical instruments, and an articulate support assembly. Each instrument is insertable into a patient through an associated minimally invasive aperture to a desired internal surgical site. The articulate support assembly movably supports the instruments relative to the base. The support generally comprises an orienting platform, a platform linkage movably supporting the orienting platform relative to the base, and a plurality of manipulators mounted to the orienting platform, wherein each manipulator movably supports an associated instrument.