A rare earth permanent magnet that is high in residual magnetization and coercivity is obtained and includes R and T. A main phase of crystal grains having an Nd.sub.5Fe.sub.17 type crystal structure is included. In an X-ray diffraction profile drawn by performing an XRD measurement for a rare earth permanent magnet, peaks of detected intensity are present in specific ranges. In which the detected intensity of the peak with the highest detected intensity in the range of 41.60<2()<42.80 is set as , the detected intensity of the peak with the highest detected intensity in the range of 34.38<2()<34.64 is set as , and the detected intensity of the peak with the highest detected intensity in the range of 38.70<2()<41.20 is set as , 0.38</<0.70 and 0.45</<0.70 are established. The peak with the highest detected intensity in the range of 34.38<2()<34.64 is a peak derived from the Nd.sub.5Fe.sub.17 type crystal structure.

A magnetic core comprises an anisotropic, composite material, which itself includes a matrix material (e.g., a dielectric, non-magnetic material, preferably a paramagnetic material), and magnetically aligned, ferromagnetic particles. The latter may for instance include micrometer- and/or nanometer-length scale particles. Such particles form chains of particles within the matrix material, wherein the chains form percolation paths of magnetic conduction. The paths extend along a first direction, whereby the chains extend, each, substantially along this first direction, while being distinct and distant from each other along a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction and, possibly, to a third direction that is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction. Necking bridges are preferably formed between the particles. Related devices (e.g., inductor, amplifiers, transformers, etc.) and fabrication methods are also disclosed.

An inductor component includes a multilayer body including a magnetic layer and a spiral wiring line disposed in the multilayer body. The magnetic layer includes a base resin, a metal magnetic powder, and a non-magnetic powder. The base resin has voids, and the metal magnetic powder and the non-magnetic powder are contained in the base resin. There is a particle of the metal magnetic powder that is in contact with at least one of the voids and with the non-magnetic powder.

An inductor that is configured to generate a magnetic field includes a coil disposed about a magnetic core. The core comprises a magnetic powder suspended in a non-magnetic matrix. The magnetic powder comprises spherically-shaped particles, disk-shaped particles, and elongated fibers. The disk-shaped particles have radii that are substantially parallel with the magnetic field. The elongated fibers have lengths that are substantially parallel with the magnetic field.

A bulk permanent magnetic material may include between about 5 volume percent and about 40 volume percent Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 phase domains, a plurality of nonmagnetic atoms or molecules forming domain wall pinning sites, and a balance soft magnetic material, wherein at least some of the soft magnetic material is magnetically coupled to the Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 phase domains via exchange spring coupling. In some examples, a bulk permanent magnetic material may be formed by implanting N+ ions in an iron workpiece using ion implantation to form an iron nitride workpiece, pre-annealing the iron nitride workpiece to attach the iron nitride workpiece to a substrate, and post-annealing the iron nitride workpiece to form Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 phase domains within the iron nitride workpiece.

A physical unclonable function (PUF) apparatus having magnetic particles is disclosed. The magnetic field data and the image view of the magnetic particles in the PUF apparatus are difficult to counterfeit. A PUF apparatus may be incorporated into a user-replaceable supply item for an imaging device. Further, a PUF reader may be incorporated into an imaging device to read the PUF. Other systems are disclosed.

Provided are a large area type complex magnetic field shielding sheet and a wireless power transfer module including the same. A large area type complex magnetic field shielding sheet wherein at least one of an overall width, an overall length, and a diameter is 100 mm or more may include a main shielding layer arranged so that a plurality of ferrite block bodies each having a predetermined area are adjacent to each other, and an auxiliary shielding layer formed of at least one magnetic sheet having a predetermined area and laminated on the main shielding layer through an adhesive layer, wherein a boundary region between two ferrite block bodies disposed to be adjacent each other is disposed to be located in an inner region of the magnetic sheet and thus a magnetic field which leaks into a gap between the two ferrite block bodies is blocked by the magnetic sheet.

The present invention is an inductor element having a conductor wound in a coil form, and a core part surrounding the coil and including a magnetic powder and a resin. The core part includes a top board part and a bottom board part respectively covering both ends of the coil, and an outer circumference part positioned at an outer circumference side of the coil, and a resin content of the outer circumference part is larger than a resin content of the top board part and also larger than a resin content of the bottom board part.

A composite magnetic body according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first metal magnetic particle covered with a first resin portion made of a first resin material and a second metal magnetic particle having a smaller particle size than the first metal magnetic particle, where the second metal magnetic particle is bound to the first metal magnetic particle via a second resin portion made of a second resin material and the second resin material has a larger molecular weight than the first resin material.

A magnetic material and an inductor capable of attaining both higher magnetic permeability and improved DC superposition characteristics. A composite magnetic material contains metal magnetic particles, in which the metal magnetic particles include first particles having a median diameter D.sub.50 of 1.3 m or more and 5.0 m or less (i.e., from 1.3 m to 5.0 m), and second particles having a median diameter D.sub.50 larger than the first particles. The first and second particles each include a core portion made of a metal magnetic material, and an insulating film provided on a surface of the core portion. The insulating film of the second particles has an average thickness of 40 nm or more and 100 nm or less (i.e., from 40 nm to 100 nm). The insulating film of the first particles has an average thickness smaller than that of the insulating film of the second particles.