Forming a ferrite thin film laminate includes heating a layered assembly to form a laminate. The layered assembly includes a first coated substrate having a first ferrite layer opposite a first thermoplastic surface and a second coated substrate having a second ferrite layer opposite a second thermoplastic surface to form a laminate. Each coated substrate is formed by forming a ferrite layer on a surface of a thermoplastic substrate. The coated substrates are arranged such that the first ferrite layer contacts the second thermoplastic surface. Heating the layered assembly includes bonding the first coated substrate to the second coated substrate such that the first ferrite layer is sandwiched between a first thermoplastic substrate and a second thermoplastic substrate. The ferrite thin film laminate may include a multiplicity of coated substrates.

A rotating magnetic physical unclonable function (PUF) is disclosed. Rotating the PUF enables robust low cost PUF readers. PUF may be incorporated into a user-replaceable supply item for an imaging device. A PUF reader may be incorporated into an imaging device to read the PUF. Other systems and methods are disclosed.

A photodetection element includes: a first ferromagnetic layer configured to be irradiated with light; a second ferromagnetic layer; and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, wherein the first ferromagnetic layer includes a first region in contact with the spacer layer and a second region disposed in a position farther from the space layer than the first region, the first region is made of CoFeB alloy, and the second region is a magnetic material containing Fe and Gd as major constituent elements.

A coil component includes: a substrate body containing metal magnetic grains whose primary component is iron and which contains silicon and a metal that oxidizes more easily than iron, and an oxide layer covering the surfaces of the metal magnetic grains and joining multiple numbers of the metal magnetic grains together; a coil conductor provided in the substrate body; external electrodes provided on the surface of the substrate body and electrically connected to the coil conductor; and a bonding part positioned between the metal magnetic grains and the external electrodes, wherein the concentration of iron decreases in a substantially continuous manner from the metal magnetic grains to the external electrodes. The external electrodes can have improved joining strength.

A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a molecular cluster compound to the material of the nanoparticles. The molecular cluster compound comprises a first ion and a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion can be effected in the presence of a second molecular cluster compound comprising a third ion and a fourth ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles, under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles via consumption of a first molecular cluster compound.

A magnetic film includes iron and copper distributed between opposing first and second major surfaces of the magnetic film. The copper has a first atomic concentration C1 at a first depth d1 from the first major surface and a peak second atomic concentration C2 at a second depth d2 from the first major surface, d2>d1, C2/C15.

A magnetic compact includes first magnetic particles, second magnetic particles with larger particle sizes than the first magnetic particles, and a resin. The area ratios calculated for multiple regions of the magnetic compact have a standard deviation of 0.40 or less, where area ratio=(total area of first magnetic particles)/(total area of second magnetic particles).

A magnetic core excellent in productivity, having stable magnetic characteristics, and easy to handle for a coil device including a conductor and is formed by stacking a plurality of soft magnetic thin ribbons divided into small pieces.

A magnetostrictive film includes rich regions having a mesh pattern in a cross section perpendicular to a film thickness direction of the magnetostrictive film. The rich regions are richer in a specific element contributing to ferromagnetism than surroundings of the rich regions.