A rapid-deployment system for containing oil spills and similar water contaminations comprises a pre-manufactured sleeve having air-inflatable or gas-inflatable compartments and water inflatable compartments. In some embodiments uninflated sleeve is stored as a reel of sleeve material, and the deployment system, optionally mounted in a small boat, comprises a machine for inflating the air and water compartments at the site of a spill. In some embodiments, air and/or water compartments may be self-inflating.

Some embodiments of the invention relate to a spill containment boom unit for deployment in ambient water, using water absorbing material, such as SAP, to encourage expansion of a chamber thereof. Some embodiments provide boom units which comprise one or more surfaces which form at least one hollow chamber, wherein at least one wall of the hollow chamber comprises at least one fillable compartment.

Disclosed herein is an oil dispersant composition that contains an acyl amino acid ionic liquid, a dicationic ionic liquid, a fruit acid ionic liquid, a polyacid ionic liquid, and an ethoxylate oleyl ether ionic liquid. The composition may also be diluted with water. The composition is useful for dispersing an oil spill in a body of water, while being less toxic to the aquatic environment and also acting to stimulate bacterial growth in said aquatic environment.

A fluid treatment system, a fluid processing apparatus and a method of treating a mixture are provided in which a separator has two outlets for different components of mixed fluid. A conduit connecting one of the outlets of the separator to the inlet of the separator is provided to recycle fluid from an outlet of the separator back to the inlet and a pump at the inlet of the separator regulates the fluid flow through the separator at a constant rate. As a result, the flow rate through the separator is increased, which increases the separation efficiency of the separation system. The conduit also functions as a bypass line should the flow of fluid be obstructed through the separator. The conduit may preferably be operated in conjunction with an energy harvester.

Articles are provided for absorbing fluids. In embodiments, the articles of the present disclosure are modified to make them hydrophobic, thereby decreasing their affinity for water and similar liquids, while increasing their affinity for other hydrophobic materials, including oil. After use, the articles, in embodiments sponges, may have their absorbed materials removed therefrom, and the articles may then be re-used to absorb additional materials.

A floatable modular device for absorbing oil from a surface, includes a generally disk-shaped floatable cage tapering towards the periphery of the cage in a peripheral region thereof; and a water-repellent strip- or chip-shaped oil absorbent accommodated in the cage, wherein the cage further includes at least one connector, element configured for joining plural ones of the modular devices together, to form an articulate oil absorber in which the individual cages are oriented in parallel to one another. A method of manufacturing the device includes providing a first, grid-like sheet made of plastics, positioning a water-repellent strip- or chip-shaped oil absorbent on the first grid-like sheet, positioning a second sheet on the oil absorbent, and welding the first and second sheets together at their peripheries, with the oil absorbent in between, wherein peripheral regions of the first and second sheets are bent towards one another.

The group of inventions relates to the field of organic chemistry and can be used for cleaning water, industrial and domestic waste water or waste water sediment, and for the containment and recovery of petroleum and petroleum product spills in large bodies of water, rivers, lakes and seas. In the claimed group of inventions, aqueous solutions of polysaccharide microgels, having a molecular mass of 20000-200000 daltons and a particle size of 50-600 nm, are used as a substance for cleaning water of petroleum and petroleum products. Moreover, low concentrations of polysaccharide microgels in water, ranging from 0.1 to 20 g/l, are used. Said solutions are used as a surface modifier for a filter used in separating water-oil emulsions, as a sorbent for the containment and recovery of oil spills in an aqueous medium, and also as a coagulant for the cleaning of water polluted by petroleum and petroleum products. The technical result is in making it possible to recover a commercial product, recovered during the process of cleaning water of petroleum or petroleum products, and to recover the starting substance for the reuse thereof, while simultaneously simplifying the slurry utilization process.

A hybrid water filtering cleaning and quality monitoring device integrates multiple elements into one main system, including oil filtering, bacterial management, trash collection and water quality monitoring.

A method and apparatus for processing waste water generated during oilfield drilling operations with a mobile processing unit utilizing heat energy sourced from burning hydrocarbon fuel directly and/or capturing and using the exhaust heat energy generated by burning hydrocarbons in engines such as diesel engines in order to vaporize a dominant mass of the aqueous phase of the waste water while clarifying the heat source combustion gasses. The water vapor generated by the vaporization process may be discharged directly to the atmosphere or alternately condensed and captured for use as portable water. The residual waste water is thereby concentrated and the cost to dispose of the waste water is greatly reduced.

The cleaner according to the invention includes a body part, which includes curved wiping tongues. The lower part of the body is the cleaner's curved lower plate and in its upper part are upper plates and an attachment plate, which is attached to the body of the collector by an attachment beam. The construction of the collector is based on discs surrounding a drum and permitting water to flow through them, to which are attached plastic rings and, attached to them, a brush ring formed of brushes extending over the curved rear wall. The invention also discloses a cleaner, by means of which the brushes are cleaned, which, for example, are attached to a V-shaped brush structure, in which there is a plastic bodied brush ring, and in the cleaner there is a point-shaped plate and its bent point shape.