A self-contained clean energy system includes mirrors that amplify and reflect light received from a battery-powered LED to an angled chamber lined with alternating solar cells and mirrors to power the system and to further power LED lights in similar systems in communication with the clean energy system, which is independent of a power grid.

A solar cell including: a silicon substrate; a back electrode; a doped silicon layer; an upper electrode, wherein the upper electrode includes a plurality of three-dimensional nanostructures extending along a same direction; an electrode lead, wherein a direction of the electrode lead intersects with the direction of the plurality of three-dimensional nanostructures; wherein the three-dimensional nanostructures includes a first rectangular structure, a second rectangular structure, and a triangular prism structure; the first rectangular structure, the second rectangular structure, and the triangular prism structure are stacked, a first width of a bottom surface of the triangular prism structure is equal to a second width of a top surface of the second rectangular structure, and is greater than a third width of a top surface of the first rectangular structure, materials of the first rectangular structure and the triangular prism structure are metal.

An element includes an electron transportation layer containing nanoparticles, a QD layer containing QD phosphor particles, and a mixed layer sandwiched between the electron transportation layer and the QD layer to be adjacent to these layers. The mixed layer contains QD phosphor particles and nanoparticles.

A method of soil treatment that allows for the creation of or installation of a highly reflective surface for use in conjunction with bifacial solar panels to more efficiently generate clean energy.

A photovoltaic cell assembly suitable for use in a dense array concentrated photovoltaic cell module includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells mounted on a substrate and a by-pass diode associated with each cell to allow the cell to be by-passed in the electrical circuit in the event that the cell fails or has low illumination. The diodes are positioned in the shadows of the cells. The diodes provide direct pathways for heat and electricity from the cells to the substrate.

Electro-magnetic (EM) energy collected in three dimensions, in layers allows for multiple planes to function operatively with optimized band gap structures whereby integrated variant and overlapping three-dimensional electro-magnetic films permit systems to collect energy across the entire electro-magnetic spectrum, and present systems utilizing both direct and indirect light to be leveraged. The EM-CS captures and contains more energy from EMR than conventional systems addressing global energy needs.

The present disclosure relates to a sunlight converting device including a wavelength converting film using a wavelength conversion material such as a quantum dot or an inorganic phosphor. More particularly, the present disclosure provides a sunlight converting device including a wavelength converting film using a wavelength conversion material, which can optimize plant growth and provide improved plant quality by installing a wavelength converting film on which a wavelength conversion material is applied so as to be converted into a predetermined wavelength and output to a greenhouse (glasshouse), a vinyl house or a microalga culture facility, varying the sunlight irradiation area of the wavelength converting film, and supplying light of various wavelengths required for species of plant including microalgae or growth cycles thereof.

A photoelectric converter including a crystalline silicon substrate having a light receiving surface including a smooth section and a rough surface section having surface roughness greater than the surface roughness of the smooth section and a light transmissive inorganic film so provided as to overlap with the smooth section and the rough surface section, and the film thickness t1 of a portion of the inorganic film that is the portion where the inorganic film overlaps with the rough surface section is smaller than the film thickness t2 of a portion of the inorganic film that is the portion where the inorganic film overlaps with the smooth section. The arithmetic average roughness of the rough surface section is preferably greater than or equal to 0.1 μm.

Systems for generating solar power are provided. One such system includes a solar radiation collector and one or more side-emitting fiber-optic cables, coupled to the solar radiation collector. The system further includes one or more photovoltaic cell enclosures, including an outer housing and one or more photovoltaic cells, wherein the one or more side-emitting fiber-optic cables is positioned within the outer housing and configured to emit, to the one or more photovoltaic cells, solar radiation collected from the solar radiation collector.

The invention discloses a conductive paste for forming the electrode on the surface of solar cell, which contains conductive powder, mixed glass and organic phase; wherein, the mixed glass comprises the following two types of glass components: the first type of glass is at least one selected from the tellurium glass which does not contain lead substantially and having tellurium, bismuth, lithium as the essential component; The second type of glass is at least one kind of lead silicate glass, which having lead and silicon as essential components and does not contain tellurium substantially. The invention also provides a solar cell prepared by printing the conductive paste as a surface electrode and a manufacturing method of the solar cell. The solar cell made of the conductive paste of this invention has good EL performance in inspection, excellent ohmic contact of the cell, high cell conversion efficiency, better reliability, and strong bonding strength, the adhesion performance is taken into account while improving reliability and ohmic contact.