A geothermal reservoir induces gasification and water gas shift reactions to generate hydrogen. The hydrogen or protons are produced to surface by using hydrogen-only or proton-only membranes in production wells. Energy from the reservoir is produced to surface as protons or hydrogen.

The present invention is a method for producing electricity comprising a fuel cell which makes it possible to valorize the heat given off by the cell to generate fuel for said fuel cell by a process of thermal dissociation, applied to the product of the same chemical composition than that produced by the cell, at least part of the heat given off by the cell being supplied to at least one of the endothermic reactions of said dissociation process.

One compound (100) according to the present invention contains silicon fine particles having a capability of generating hydrogen or aggregates of the silicon fine particles. The compound that contains the silicon fine particles or the aggregates having a capability of generating hydrogen is capable of generating hydrogen in the body of, for example, an animal that has ingested the compound. For a plant, the compound can be disposed or charged into, for example, moisture (water-containing liquid) or fertilizer to be provided to the plant, to supply the plant with hydrogen generated from the compound.

The present application provides an oral irrigator which includes an irrigator body. The irrigator body includes a water tank, a nozzle, and a cathode plate and an anode plate are provided spaced apart from each other at a bottom of the water tank. The anode plate and the anode plate are electrically connected to a negative electrode and a positive electrode of a power supply component of the oral irrigator, respectively. A water outlet of the water tank is located at the bottom of the water tank. Water in the water tank is electrolyzed by the cathode plate and the anode plate to generate ozone water and hydrogen-rich water, and flow out from the water outlet to the nozzle of the irrigator body to be sprayed out, aiming to solve a problem that the existing oral irrigator only uses water flow for physical cleaning.

Methods and systems related to the field of electrolyzers are disclosed. An electrolyzer assembly is disclosed which includes a stack of cells, a plurality of polar plates in the stack of cells, a plurality of flow fields between the plurality of polar plates, a conduit fluidly connecting flow fields in the plurality of flow fields, an electrically conductive fluid in the conduit, a plurality of insulating layers arranged between a conductive surface of the plurality of flow fields and the conduit, and a plurality of openings in the plurality of insulating layers providing a plurality of fluid connections between the conduit and the plurality of flow fields.

A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolytic cell assembly, and a method for making the assembly, are provided. An exemplary method includes forming a functionalized zeolite templated carbon (ZTC), including forming a CaX zeolite, depositing carbon in the CaX zeolite using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to form a carbon/zeolite composite, treating the carbon/zeolite composite with a solution including hydrofluoric acid to form a ZTC, and treating the ZTC to add catalyst sites, forming the functionalized ZTC. The method further includes incorporating the functionalized ZTC into electrodes, forming a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), and forming the PEM electrolytic cell assembly. The method further includes coupling the PEM electrolytic cell assembly to a heat source.

A system for and method of cleaving a bond between a first atom and a second atom in a molecule of a material are presented. One embodiment of the technique includes selecting a first electromagnetic radiation frequency, the first electromagnetic radiation frequency including a product of a golden mean and a base frequency associated with at least one of the first atom and the second atom. Such an embodiment further includes directing a first electromagnetic radiation at the material, where the first electromagnetic radiation has a frequency equal to the first electromagnetic radiation frequency, and where the first electromagnetic radiation frequency is sufficient to cleave the bond between the first atom and the second atom.

A layer system (1) for coating a bipolar plate (2), including at least one cover layer (1a) made of tin oxide, wherein at least one metal oxide of the group comprising tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, and hafnium oxide is homogenously dissolved in the tin oxide, and the electric conductivity of the cover layer (1a) is greater than or equal to 10.sup.2 S/cm. A bipolar plate (2, 2′) is also provided with an anode side and a cathode side, comprising a substrate (2a, 2a′) and such a layer system (1), and to a fuel cell (10) or an electrolyzer comprising such a bipolar plate (2, 2′).

A method for controllably making catalysts with at least one metallic surface state, that includes: a) identifying all the topological insulators in the ICSD, b) calculating the Real Space Invariants of the valence bands for all these topological insulators in order to c) identify in all these topological insulators the Wyckoff Positions where the irreducible Wannier Charge Centers (WCCs) are localized, and then d) selecting as potentially catalytic active compound a topological insulator in which the position of WCCs is not occupied by any atom; e) synthesizing a crystal of the selected potentially catalytic active compound either so that it is grown in a predefined crystallographic direction (characterized by its Miller indices (h,k,l)) which exposes the metallic surface state; or cutting the crystal in a predefined crystallographic direction (characterized by its Miller indices (h,k,l)), so that the metallic surface state is exposed when

[00001]$\left(\left(\{\begin{array}{c}\left(h,k,l\right).Math.\left(x-X_j,y-Y_j,z-Z_j\right)=0,\\ \left(h,k,l\right).Math.\left(x-x_i,y-y_i,z-z_i\right)\ne 0,\\ h,k,lϵZ\end{array}\right)\right)$

A method for synthesizing an intergrown twin Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2/MoS.sub.2 two-dimensional nanosheet with exposed (00L) crystal planes is disclosed. An Ni-Mo bonded precursor is formed by using an ion insertion method to restrict Ni ions to be located in a lattice matrix of a Mo-based compound; a dinuclear metal sulfide Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2 is formed by precisely adjusting and controlling a concentration of a sulfur atmosphere and utilizing a reconstruction effect of Ni element in the lattice matrix of the Mo-based compound; and meanwhile, a growth direction of Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2 is precisely adjusted and controlled by using a method for growing a single crystal in a limited area, so that Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2 is grown, taking a single crystal MoS.sub.2 as a growth template, with the single crystal MoS.sub.2 alternately along a crystal plane (110) of the single crystal MoS.sub.2, so as to form a twin Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2/MoS.sub.2 two-dimensional nanosheet in which Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.6S.sub.6O.sub.2and MoS.sub.2 are intergrown.