A method includes: determining, based, at least in part, on a predicted driver characteristic, a first energy-versus-distance measure for a planned driving route of a vehicle, the first energy-versus-distance measure determined using an energy model; presenting the first energy-versus-distance measure on a user interface associated with the vehicle; identifying an already-driven part of the planned driving route; determining, based on information associated with the already-driven part of the planned driving route, a model error associated with the energy model; determining a second energy-versus-distance measure by modifying the first energy-versus-distance measure to account for the model error; and presenting the second energy-versus-distance measure on the user interface associated with the vehicle.

Methods and systems are provided for using the weights of cost functions to improve linear-program-based vehicle driveline architectures and systems. In some embodiments, the methods and systems may include establishing values for driveline controls of a linear program based on driveline requests of the linear program. The values of the driveline controls, which may be used to adjust driveline actuators, may be established based on values of a plurality of weights of a cost function of the linear program, the weights respectively corresponding with the plurality of driveline requests.

A method and system of controlling hydrogen purge are provided. The method includes estimating an air supply rate supplied to a fuel cell stack and then executing hydrogen purge based on the estimated air supply rate.

According to one implementation, a rotorcraft includes a first rotorcraft and at least one second rotorcraft. The first rotorcraft has a first main rotor and a first tail rotor. The at least one second rotorcraft has a second main rotor and a second tail rotor. The at least one second rotorcraft are attachable and detachable to and from the first rotorcraft. Further, according to one implementation, a method of controlling the above-mentioned rotorcraft includes: flying the first rotorcraft, to which the at least one second rotorcraft has been attached, to a destination; and separating the at least one second rotorcraft from the first rotorcraft at the destination.

The present application provides a method for autonomously controlling a vehicle performed by a control system of the vehicle on the basis of a mission received from a mission controller, the method comprising: receiving a mission comprising a set of instructions from the mission controller; validating the mission by checking whether the mission meets a first set of requirements; executing the mission if the mission meets the first set of requirements and rejecting the mission if the mission does not meet the first set of requirements.

Since a maximum rotation speed of a second rotary machine is set to a lower value when a supercharging pressure is high than when the supercharging pressure is low, an engine torque decreases with an rotation speed of the second rotary machine which is relatively low and the rotation speed is less likely to fall into a high-rotation state. When the supercharging pressure is relatively low and the rotation speed is less likely to reach an upper-limit rotation speed of the second rotary machine, the maximum rotation speed is set to a relatively high value. Accordingly, the engine torque does not decrease to the rotation speed which is relatively high and power performance can be easily secured. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in power performance due to the decrease in the engine torque and to prevent the rotation speed from falling into a high-rotation state.

A vehicle traveling from a first area to a second area includes a traveling mechanism having a plurality of wheels and a traveling function, and a control unit configured to cause the traveling mechanism to perform a wheel cleaning operation and then cause the vehicle to enter the second area.

The present disclosure provides a method and system for controlling a four-wheel-independent-drive (4WID) electric vehicle (EV) which incorporates the method steps of: acquiring driving environmental information of the vehicle, running state information of the vehicle and driving expectation information of a driver; tracking a body attitude; switching a condition of the vehicle according to information of an upper module; calculating an expected longitudinal torque, an expected lateral torque and an expected yaw torque of the vehicle that meet a driver's expectation; optimally distributing the torques of the vehicle; and generating armature voltage signals required by output torques of motors and controlling the motors. The method divides the driving process of the vehicle into multiple independent driving conditions. The method does not globally implement operation and control in multiple driving conditions with a single control strategy, but coordinately switches the conditions according to multiple control modes and multiple control strategies.

A method for operating a charging park for electric vehicles. The charging park has a group of charging points which are connected to a central cooling module, wherein components of the respective charging point are cooled as a function of a temperature of the respective component in the charging mode or in the standby mode, as a function of a charging status at the respective charging point and as a function of an ambient temperature.

A power relay assembly is provided and includes a first relay that is connected to a positive end of a battery and a second relay that is connected to a negative end of the battery and connected to the first relay via a DC capacitor. A first Field Effect Transistor (FET) is connected in parallel with the first relay and a second FET is connected in parallel with the first relay and connected in series with the first FET. A voltage control circuit is configured to adjust a voltage of the first FET with a first voltage or adjust a voltage of the first FET with a second voltage lower than the magnitude of the first voltage.