The present invention relates to a composition for prevention or treatment of gynecological diseases containing an extract of Sarcodon imbricatus as an active ingredient. Specifically, the extract of Sarcodon imbricatus of the present invention can be effectively used, with only one dose, for prevention or treatment of gynecological diseases by treating dysmenorrhea, reducing a menstrual period, an amount of menstruation, menstrual irregularity, and extravasated blood, and clearing the color of menstruation.

The present invention relates to a composition for prevention or treatment of gynecological diseases containing an extract of Sarcodon imbricatus as an active ingredient. Specifically, the extract of Sarcodon imbricatus of the present invention can be effectively used, with only one dose, for prevention or treatment of gynecological diseases by treating dysmenorrhea, reducing a menstrual period, an amount of menstruation, menstrual irregularity, and extravasated blood, and clearing the color of menstruation.

A bilayer composition for amelioriation of, or prophylaxis against, SARS-CoV-2 infection comprising a: (i) a first layer consisting of 250 mg to 1600 mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), or salt thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients that allow for immediate release of the 5-aminolevulinic acid; (ii) a second layer consisting of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and/or a salt thereof, in a dose of 100 mg-1500 mg, or salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprising a release modifier for sustained release of the hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine.

A bilayer composition for amelioriation of, or prophylaxis against, SARS-CoV-2 infection comprising a: (i) a first layer consisting of 250 mg to 1600 mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), or salt thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients that allow for immediate release of the 5-aminolevulinic acid; (ii) a second layer consisting of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and/or a salt thereof, in a dose of 100 mg-1500 mg, or salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprising a release modifier for sustained release of the hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine.

The present invention is directed to methods of treating diseases and disorders of the skin (e.g., acne) with heat-enabled photodynamic therapy (HEPT).

The present invention is directed to methods of treating diseases and disorders of the skin (e.g., acne) with heat-enabled photodynamic therapy (HEPT).

Inventors have surprisingly found that Emricasan is a much more potent inhibitor of monocyte differentiation compared to q-VD-OH by its ability to efficiently inhibit caspase-8, which is instrumental to this process. In addition, they have demonstrated that Emricasan alleviates the IL4-mediated M2-like polarization of human macrophages. Moreover, Emricasan also hampers bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, a disease associated with an infiltration of M2-macrophages. Finally, caspase-8 deficient mice were found to be resistant to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. As a whole, their findings indicate that the beneficial effect of Emricasan relies on its ability to inhibit caspase-8, and its capacity to prevent monocyte differentiation and M2 polarization of macrophages. Accordingly, the invention relates to a caspase 8 inhibitor for use in the polarization of macrophages.

Inventors have surprisingly found that Emricasan is a much more potent inhibitor of monocyte differentiation compared to q-VD-OH by its ability to efficiently inhibit caspase-8, which is instrumental to this process. In addition, they have demonstrated that Emricasan alleviates the IL4-mediated M2-like polarization of human macrophages. Moreover, Emricasan also hampers bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, a disease associated with an infiltration of M2-macrophages. Finally, caspase-8 deficient mice were found to be resistant to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. As a whole, their findings indicate that the beneficial effect of Emricasan relies on its ability to inhibit caspase-8, and its capacity to prevent monocyte differentiation and M2 polarization of macrophages. Accordingly, the invention relates to a caspase 8 inhibitor for use in the polarization of macrophages.

Inventors have surprisingly found that Emricasan is a much more potent inhibitor of monocyte differentiation compared to q-VD-OH by its ability to efficiently inhibit caspase-8, which is instrumental to this process. In addition, they have demonstrated that Emricasan alleviates the IL4-mediated M2-like polarization of human macrophages. Moreover, Emricasan also hampers bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, a disease associated with an infiltration of M2-macrophages. Finally, caspase-8 deficient mice were found to be resistant to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. As a whole, their findings indicate that the beneficial effect of Emricasan relies on its ability to inhibit caspase-8, and its capacity to prevent monocyte differentiation and M2 polarization of macrophages. Accordingly, the invention relates to a caspase 8 inhibitor for use in the polarization of macrophages.

Improved formulations for topical treatment that ensure at least localized transdermal or systemic delivery of an active agent through skin, nails or hair follicles are disclosed.