The present invention includes compositions and methods for treating certain conditions such as dry eye or dry mouth with a comprising a choline compound; a cholinesterase inhibitor; and Acetyl-L-Carnitine, wherein the composition is provided in an amount sufficient to treat dry eye or dry mouth.

The invention provides compositions and methods to treat prediabetes. In particular, the inventor has discovered that particular combinations of diverse types of antioxidants have synergistic and surprising effects for use against prediabetes. The composition includes: a plurality of heteroatom-based antioxidants having the formula X—CH.sub.2—CH(R)—(CH.sub.2).sub.m—Z; a plurality of antioxidants with a conjugated segment; an antioxidant that is a flavan-3-ol; and an antioxidant that contains a disulfide bond. The antioxidants are chosen such that at least one has a pro-oxidative effect.

The invention provides compositions and methods to treat prediabetes. In particular, the inventor has discovered that particular combinations of diverse types of antioxidants have synergistic and surprising effects for use against prediabetes. The composition includes: a plurality of heteroatom-based antioxidants having the formula X—CH.sub.2—CH(R)—(CH.sub.2).sub.m—Z; a plurality of antioxidants with a conjugated segment; an antioxidant that is a flavan-3-ol; and an antioxidant that contains a disulfide bond. The antioxidants are chosen such that at least one has a pro-oxidative effect.

An oral formulation as described herein can comprise pomegranate extract, panax ginseng extract, and c. sinensis, where each is present in an amount effective to counteract and/or prevent effects of aging in a subject when administered to the subject. The effects of aging can include age-related changes in gene expression.

An oral formulation as described herein can comprise pomegranate extract, panax ginseng extract, and c. sinensis, where each is present in an amount effective to counteract and/or prevent effects of aging in a subject when administered to the subject. The effects of aging can include age-related changes in gene expression.

An oral formulation as described herein can comprise pomegranate extract, panax ginseng extract, and c. sinensis, where each is present in an amount effective to counteract and/or prevent effects of aging in a subject when administered to the subject. The effects of aging can include age-related changes in gene expression.

Described herein are oxime compounds capable of inactivating a nerve agent, blood brain barrier (BBB)-penetration, and/or reactivation of nerve agent-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and related methods, systems and compositions for inactivation of one or more nerve agents, therapeutic and/or prophylactic treatment of an individual, and/or decomposition of nerve agent for decontamination.

Methods for compounding a therapeutic agent for intravenous administration. The method comprise providing a syringe or vial comprising the agent dissolved or pre-dissolved in a carrier at a dose or concentration that is therapeutically effective for a particular patient but is not commercially available at the therapeutically effective dose or concentration or is on the U.S. FDA drug shortage list, and adding the therapeutic agent dissolved in the carrier to an intravenous solution (diluent). The methods exclude reconstituting multiple solid forms of the commercially available agent and combining the reconstituted preparations together, for example, according to traditional compounding procedures at point-of-care pharmacies.

Described herein are methods for enhancing engraftment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using farnesyl compounds identified using a zebrafish model of hematopoietic cell engraftment. The compounds can be used to treat hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo prior to transplantation of the cells. Alternatively, the compounds can be administered to an individual undergoing cell transplantation.

Described herein are methods for enhancing engraftment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using farnesyl compounds identified using a zebrafish model of hematopoietic cell engraftment. The compounds can be used to treat hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo prior to transplantation of the cells. Alternatively, the compounds can be administered to an individual undergoing cell transplantation.