The present invention provides methods of preventing, treating, and/or reducing noise induced hearing loss and/or noise-induced inner ear trauma. The methods include the administration of glatiramer acetate or a derivative thereof and, optionally, at least one anti-oxidant.

The present invention provides methods of preventing, treating, and/or reducing noise induced hearing loss and/or noise-induced inner ear trauma. The methods include the administration of glatiramer acetate or a derivative thereof and, optionally, at least one anti-oxidant.

Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods for treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods for treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Alterations of certain metabolite concentrations and fluxes that occur in response to viral infection are described. Host cell enzymes in the involved metabolic pathways are selected as targets for intervention; i.e., to restore metabolic flux to disadvantage viral replication, or to further derange metabolic flux resulting in “suicide” of viral-infected cells (but not uninfected cells) in order to limit viral propagation. While any of the enzymes in the relevant metabolic pathway can be selected, pivotal enzymes at key control points in these metabolic pathways are preferred as candidate antiviral drug targets. Inhibitors of these enzymes are used to reverse, or redirect, the effects of the viral infection. Drug candidates are tested for antiviral activity using screening assays in vitro and host cells, as well as in animal models. Animal models are then used to test efficacy of candidate compounds in preventing and treating viral infections. The antiviral activity of enzyme inhibitors is demonstrated.

Non-lactone carbocyclic and heterocyclic antagonists and agonists of bacterial quorum sensing. Pharmaceutical composition containing antagonists. Methods employing antagonists and agonists for modulation of quorum sensing. Compounds are exemplified by those of formula:
A-[Z].sub.n-L1-[Y].sub.q-W-[V].sub.m-L2-HG,
where A is an acyclic aliphatic group, and HG is an optionally substituted phenyl group. Compounds include those where m and n are both 0, W is —NH—, Y is present and is —CO—CH.sub.2—CO—, and L1 and L2 independently are —[CH.sub.2].sub.p1— and —[CH.sub.2].sub.p2—, where p1 and p2, independently, are 0 or integers ranging from 1-10.

Non-lactone carbocyclic and heterocyclic antagonists and agonists of bacterial quorum sensing. Pharmaceutical composition containing antagonists. Methods employing antagonists and agonists for modulation of quorum sensing. Compounds are exemplified by those of formula:
A-[Z].sub.n-L1-[Y].sub.q-W-[V].sub.m-L2-HG,
where A is an acyclic aliphatic group, and HG is an optionally substituted phenyl group. Compounds include those where m and n are both 0, W is —NH—, Y is present and is —CO—CH.sub.2—CO—, and L1 and L2 independently are —[CH.sub.2].sub.p1— and —[CH.sub.2].sub.p2—, where p1 and p2, independently, are 0 or integers ranging from 1-10.

A method of controlling the inflammatory and/or neuropatic pain of various origins by administering a pharmaceutical composition containing palmitoylethanolamide, to a human or animal patient. In particular, the present invention relates to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising palmitoylethanoiamide (PEA) and L-acetylcarnitine (LAC), optionally in addition with an antioxidant compound, such as a polyphenol, alpha-lipoic acid, or L-acetylcysteine to a patient.

A method of controlling the inflammatory and/or neuropatic pain of various origins by administering a pharmaceutical composition containing palmitoylethanolamide, to a human or animal patient. In particular, the present invention relates to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising palmitoylethanoiamide (PEA) and L-acetylcarnitine (LAC), optionally in addition with an antioxidant compound, such as a polyphenol, alpha-lipoic acid, or L-acetylcysteine to a patient.

A method of controlling the inflammatory and/or neuropatic pain of various origins by administering a pharmaceutical composition containing palmitoylethanolamide, to a human or animal patient. In particular, the present invention relates to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising palmitoylethanoiamide (PEA) and L-acetylcarnitine (LAC), optionally in addition with an antioxidant compound, such as a polyphenol, alpha-lipoic acid, or L-acetylcysteine to a patient.