The present invention is related to compositions containing extracellular vesicles (exosomes) and methods of using the same for increasing lifespan of fetus, viability of fetus, or viability of newborn, for treating inflammation in uterus and/or fetus, for delaying preterm birth, or for treating a condition related to inflammation in uterus and/or fetus, wherein the extracellular vesicles comprising a nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) inhibitor and a photo-specific binding protein.

The present invention is related to compositions containing extracellular vesicles (exosomes) and methods of using the same for increasing lifespan of fetus, viability of fetus, or viability of newborn, for treating inflammation in uterus and/or fetus, for delaying preterm birth, or for treating a condition related to inflammation in uterus and/or fetus, wherein the extracellular vesicles comprising a nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) inhibitor and a photo-specific binding protein.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the effectiveness of an angiogenesis inhibitor in a subject suffering from a tumor. Provided is a method comprising a step of testing for the presence or absence of an a mutation or loss of expression of B-Raf and PTEN in a sample of tumor tissue from the subject. By using the presence or absence of or a mutation or loss of expression of B-Raf and PTEN as an indicator, this method enables the antitumor effectiveness of the angiogenesis inhibitor to be predicted without administering the angiogenesis inhibitor to the subject.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the effectiveness of an angiogenesis inhibitor in a subject suffering from a tumor. Provided is a method comprising a step of testing for the presence or absence of an a mutation or loss of expression of B-Raf and PTEN in a sample of tumor tissue from the subject. By using the presence or absence of or a mutation or loss of expression of B-Raf and PTEN as an indicator, this method enables the antitumor effectiveness of the angiogenesis inhibitor to be predicted without administering the angiogenesis inhibitor to the subject.

The disclosure discloses an aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulators of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, ##STR00001## R′ is H, CN, CH.sub.2(OH)R.sub.0, C.sub.mH.sub.2m+1, C.sub.nH.sub.2n-1, C.sub.nH.sub.2n-3, ##STR00002##
two R.sub.a is independently H, or two R.sub.a together form ═O or ═N—W.sub.3—R.sub.1; A is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aromatic ring, or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 heteroaromatic ring containing 1 to 5 heteroatom from N, O and S, or 4 to 7 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatom from N, O and S and C═N, which are with no substituent or substituted by 1 or 3 R; Q is R, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aromatic ring or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 heteroaromatic ring containing 1 to 5 heteroatom selected from N, O and S, which are with no substituent or substituted by 1 or 3 R; R is R.sub.c connected with C or R.sub.N connected with N.

The disclosure discloses an aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulators of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, ##STR00001## R′ is H, CN, CH.sub.2(OH)R.sub.0, C.sub.mH.sub.2m+1, C.sub.nH.sub.2n-1, C.sub.nH.sub.2n-3, ##STR00002##
two R.sub.a is independently H, or two R.sub.a together form ═O or ═N—W.sub.3—R.sub.1; A is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aromatic ring, or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 heteroaromatic ring containing 1 to 5 heteroatom from N, O and S, or 4 to 7 membered non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatom from N, O and S and C═N, which are with no substituent or substituted by 1 or 3 R; Q is R, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aromatic ring or a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 heteroaromatic ring containing 1 to 5 heteroatom selected from N, O and S, which are with no substituent or substituted by 1 or 3 R; R is R.sub.c connected with C or R.sub.N connected with N.

The present invention relates to the stereospecific synthesis of (R)-5-((E)-2-pyrrolidin-3-ylvinyl)pyrimidine, its salt forms, and novel polymorphic forms of these salts.

The present invention relates to the stereospecific synthesis of (R)-5-((E)-2-pyrrolidin-3-ylvinyl)pyrimidine, its salt forms, and novel polymorphic forms of these salts.

Provided is a Withania somnifera extract composition contains at least one of withaferin A, withanoside IV, withanoside V, withanoside VI, withanolide A, withanolide B, anaferine, anahygrine, 12-deoxywithastromonolide, sitoindoside X, sitoindoside IX, cuscohygrine, isopelletierine, bracteosin A, bracteosin B, or bracteosin C, or a salt or solvate of any one thereof. Related compositions, methods, and processes are also provided.

Provided is a Withania somnifera extract composition contains at least one of withaferin A, withanoside IV, withanoside V, withanoside VI, withanolide A, withanolide B, anaferine, anahygrine, 12-deoxywithastromonolide, sitoindoside X, sitoindoside IX, cuscohygrine, isopelletierine, bracteosin A, bracteosin B, or bracteosin C, or a salt or solvate of any one thereof. Related compositions, methods, and processes are also provided.