Method for treating a viral infection in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising a moiety represented by figure (I), wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated bivalent hydrocarbon group. Viruses subject to treatment can include HIV and flaviviruses such as west nile, dengue, or hepatitis C virus. Compositions and methods of isolation and purification are also described including from the Red Sea sponge.

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Method for treating a viral infection in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising a moiety represented by figure (I), wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated bivalent hydrocarbon group. Viruses subject to treatment can include HIV and flaviviruses such as west nile, dengue, or hepatitis C virus. Compositions and methods of isolation and purification are also described including from the Red Sea sponge.

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Disclosed are embodiments of a method of treating or preventing latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) in a subject. Such embodiments include administering to a subject (e.g., via the gastrointestinal tract) a therapeutically effective amount of one or farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist compounds, thereby activating FXR receptors in the intestines, and treating or preventing latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) in the subject.

Disclosed are embodiments of a method of treating or preventing latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) in a subject. Such embodiments include administering to a subject (e.g., via the gastrointestinal tract) a therapeutically effective amount of one or farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist compounds, thereby activating FXR receptors in the intestines, and treating or preventing latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) in the subject.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for improving a sociability behavior in a patient having a mental disease with an enhanced NMDAR function.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for improving a sociability behavior in a patient having a mental disease with an enhanced NMDAR function.

Combinations of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist and a beta 2 agonist for inhaled administration via the nose or mouth, and methods of using them are provided.

Combinations of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist and a beta 2 agonist for inhaled administration via the nose or mouth, and methods of using them are provided.

Combinations of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist and a beta 2 agonist for inhaled administration via the nose or mouth, and methods of using them are provided.

The present invention relates to salts of (R)-3-(6-(4-methylphenyl)-pyridin-3-yloxy)-1-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, to methods for making them or their precursors, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use as medicaments.