An oral pouch product includes an outer wrapper defining a cavity and an inner filling material in the cavity. The outer wrapper includes a hydrophobic material or an elastomeric material. The inner filling material includes a dry mixture and a liquid mixture. The dry mixture includes a cellulosic material. The liquid mixture includes a triglyceride and liquid nicotine dissolved in the triglyceride. The triglyceride is included in the oral pouch product in an amount of 10% to 30% by weight based on the weight of the oral pouch product.

A method for preparing the nicotine-containing powder includes dissolving a carrier in a solvent to form a first solution, where the carrier includes a biopolymer, a natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a bulk sweetener, or any combination thereof; contacting the first solution with nicotine, a nicotine complex, a nicotine salt, or any combination thereof to form a second mixture; and spray drying the second mixture to form a plurality of particles that define the nicotine-containing powder. The method may further include adding at least one of a pH modifier and an antioxidant to the second mixture. When the solvent includes water, an inlet temperature ranges from 120° C. to 210° C. and an initial product temperature ranges from 25° C. to 100° C. When the solvent includes ethanol, the inlet temperature ranges from 65° C. to 180° C. and an initial product temperature ranges from 25° C. to 79° C.

A method for preparing the nicotine-containing powder includes dissolving a carrier in a solvent to form a first solution, where the carrier includes a biopolymer, a natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a bulk sweetener, or any combination thereof; contacting the first solution with nicotine, a nicotine complex, a nicotine salt, or any combination thereof to form a second mixture; and spray drying the second mixture to form a plurality of particles that define the nicotine-containing powder. The method may further include adding at least one of a pH modifier and an antioxidant to the second mixture. When the solvent includes water, an inlet temperature ranges from 120° C. to 210° C. and an initial product temperature ranges from 25° C. to 100° C. When the solvent includes ethanol, the inlet temperature ranges from 65° C. to 180° C. and an initial product temperature ranges from 25° C. to 79° C.

The disclosure provides chewable nicotine formulations comprising an orally-acceptable nicotine salt, an orally-acceptable alcohol, flavor components, and an orally-acceptable binder in a water-permeable, water-insoluble pouch, together with methods of making and using the same.

The disclosure provides chewable nicotine formulations comprising an orally-acceptable nicotine salt, an orally-acceptable alcohol, flavor components, and an orally-acceptable binder in a water-permeable, water-insoluble pouch, together with methods of making and using the same.

An aerosolizable formulation having one or more aerosol-forming agents; and nicotine; wherein the nicotine includes (R)-nicotine in an amount of from about 1% to about 4.5% by weight of the total nicotine.

An aerosolizable formulation having one or more aerosol-forming agents; and nicotine; wherein the nicotine includes (R)-nicotine in an amount of from about 1% to about 4.5% by weight of the total nicotine.

The invention concerns a medicine and a prophylactic medicine for COVID-19 disease. The inventive medicine targets the endosomic, non-endosomic and/or intracellular viral pathways and inhibits them. The best mode of the invention is considered to be the medicine that blocks all three viral pathways. In the best mode the individual dose of a constituent component of the medicine is arranged to a dosage size sufficient to inhibit its designated SARS-CoV-2 viral pathway. This allows the dose of a particular pharmacological agent to be smaller than in a drug with just one kind of pharmacological agent. The best mode of the invention shuts the two cell membrane viral pathways and the one intracellular viral pathway with the minimum efficient dose, thereby preventing drug overdose, and enabling prophylactic or preventive use.

The invention concerns a medicine and a prophylactic medicine for COVID-19 disease. The inventive medicine targets the endosomic, non-endosomic and/or intracellular viral pathways and inhibits them. The best mode of the invention is considered to be the medicine that blocks all three viral pathways. In the best mode the individual dose of a constituent component of the medicine is arranged to a dosage size sufficient to inhibit its designated SARS-CoV-2 viral pathway. This allows the dose of a particular pharmacological agent to be smaller than in a drug with just one kind of pharmacological agent. The best mode of the invention shuts the two cell membrane viral pathways and the one intracellular viral pathway with the minimum efficient dose, thereby preventing drug overdose, and enabling prophylactic or preventive use.

Disclosed are devices for determining an analyte concentration (e.g., glucose). The devices comprise a sensor configured to generate a signal associated with a concentration of an analyte and a sensing membrane located over the sensor. The sensing membrane comprises an enzyme layer, wherein the enzyme layer comprises an enzyme and a polymer comprising polyurethane and/or polyurea segments and one or more zwitterionic repeating units. The enzyme layer protects the enzyme and prevents it from leaching from the sensing membrane into a host or deactivating.