Compounds of formula (I), (II), and (III) having the structure shown below are presented: wherein R-R.sub.6 are defined herein. These molecules work as proteasome inhibitors and bind to the RPN13 subunit of the 19S regulatory particle, and can be used in methods of treating a condition or a disease, such as cancer, in a mammal

This disclosure describes the use of a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor to reduce an individual's desire to smoke and/or frequency of smoking. In some embodiments, the PDE5 inhibitor is sildenafil (e.g., Viagra).

This disclosure describes the use of a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor to reduce an individual's desire to smoke and/or frequency of smoking. In some embodiments, the PDE5 inhibitor is sildenafil (e.g., Viagra).

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating lupus, containing a compound represented by a formula I, an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an effective component, as well as a treatment method using the compound, and use of the compound in the manufacture of a medicament for treating lupus. The pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention shows an excellent effect of preventing or treating lupus.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating lupus, containing a compound represented by a formula I, an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an effective component, as well as a treatment method using the compound, and use of the compound in the manufacture of a medicament for treating lupus. The pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention shows an excellent effect of preventing or treating lupus.

The present disclosure relates to the treatment of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) and diseases related to vascular ageing and in the treatment of smooth muscle cells diseases, in particular an inhibitor of a metalloprotease the treatment of smooth muscle cells diseases. The disclosure subject matter describes a more effective therapies for the treatment of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome and diseases related to vascular ageing, or namely by the use of an inhibitor of a metalloprotease.

Disclosed herein are methods for suppressing or inhibiting platelet aggregation in a subject in need thereof. The method includes administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of Physalin to alleviate or ameliorate symptoms associated with diseases, disorders, and/or conditions resulted from platelet aggregation. According to preferred embodiments, Physalin is applied as a coating on an implantable device, such as a stent or a catheter.

Disclosed herein are methods for suppressing or inhibiting platelet aggregation in a subject in need thereof. The method includes administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of Physalin to alleviate or ameliorate symptoms associated with diseases, disorders, and/or conditions resulted from platelet aggregation. According to preferred embodiments, Physalin is applied as a coating on an implantable device, such as a stent or a catheter.

A method of promoting the generation of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells by enhancing their survival and/or maturation includes administering to the cell an effective amount of an agent that enhances and/or induces accumulation of Δ8,9-unsaturated sterol intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in the oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

A method of promoting the generation of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells by enhancing their survival and/or maturation includes administering to the cell an effective amount of an agent that enhances and/or induces accumulation of Δ8,9-unsaturated sterol intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in the oligodendrocyte precursor cells.