Methods of treatment of metabolic disorders with various compounds are provided. Subjects having a metabolic can be administered a sphingolipid-like compound, an ARF6 antagonist, or a PIKfyve antagonist. Formulations and medicaments are utilized to formulate therapeutics that can be administered to individuals as pharmaceutically effective salt or in pure form, including, but not limited to, formulations for oral, intravenous, or intramuscular administration.

A method for treating an inflammatory disorder of the lower airways in a human subject in need thereof is described, including administering an effective amount of anakinra directly to the lower airways in the human subject; where the effective amount of anakinra is from about 0.1 mg to about 200 mg per day; and where the inflammatory disorder is selected from the group consisting of a toxic-inhalation lung injury, pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS), bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia and pneumonitis.

A method for treating an inflammatory disorder of the lower airways in a human subject in need thereof is described, including administering an effective amount of anakinra directly to the lower airways in the human subject; where the effective amount of anakinra is from about 0.1 mg to about 200 mg per day; and where the inflammatory disorder is selected from the group consisting of a toxic-inhalation lung injury, pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS), bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia and pneumonitis.

The present invention provides shortening TB Therapy and reducing relapse by co-administering Chloroquine with anti-TB drugs to drug-sensitive TB patients, multiple drug resistant (MDR) TB patients and TB patients co-infected with HIV-1. The present invention also provides shortening TB Therapy and reducing relapse by co-administering hydroxychloroquine with anti-TB drugs to drug-sensitive TB patients, multiple drug resistant (MDR) TB patients and TB patients co-infected with HIV-1.

The present invention provides shortening TB Therapy and reducing relapse by co-administering Chloroquine with anti-TB drugs to drug-sensitive TB patients, multiple drug resistant (MDR) TB patients and TB patients co-infected with HIV-1. The present invention also provides shortening TB Therapy and reducing relapse by co-administering hydroxychloroquine with anti-TB drugs to drug-sensitive TB patients, multiple drug resistant (MDR) TB patients and TB patients co-infected with HIV-1.

The invention relates to formulations and methods of using formulations of topical preparation of diaminophenothiazine compounds such as 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride in the prevention and/or treatment of peripheral neuropathy and its associated conditions, particularly in the eye. In a preferred embodiment, a topical formulation comprising 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride encapsulate in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles is prepared, wherein the microparticles are coated with a mucoadhesive agent such as chitosan.

The invention relates to formulations and methods of using formulations of topical preparation of diaminophenothiazine compounds such as 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride in the prevention and/or treatment of peripheral neuropathy and its associated conditions, particularly in the eye. In a preferred embodiment, a topical formulation comprising 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride encapsulate in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles is prepared, wherein the microparticles are coated with a mucoadhesive agent such as chitosan.

The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be employed in the treatment, alleviation or prevention of a group of diseases, disorders and abnormalities responsive to modulation or inhibition of the activation of a component of the inflammasome pathway. In particular, the component of the inflammasome pathway is NLRP3 inflammasome. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention have the capability to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome. Further, the compounds of the present invention modulate, in particular, decrease IL-1 beta and/or IL-18 levels.

The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be employed in the treatment, alleviation or prevention of a group of diseases, disorders and abnormalities responsive to modulation or inhibition of the activation of a component of the inflammasome pathway. In particular, the component of the inflammasome pathway is NLRP3 inflammasome. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention have the capability to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome. Further, the compounds of the present invention modulate, in particular, decrease IL-1 beta and/or IL-18 levels.

The present invention provides compositions of soy protein gel fibers, soy protein fiber membranes, and soy protein films. The present invention also provides methods of making the soy protein compositions and also uses of the compositions.