A pouched product adapted for release of a releasable component therefrom is provided herein. The pouched product can include a water-permeable fabric pouch formed so as to define a cavity therein, and a composition contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the composition including one or more releasable components that are released from the composition under mouth conditions and that are capable of movement through the water-permeable fabric pouch. The composition includes nicotine and at least one particulate non-tobacco material. The pouched product also includes at least one capsule contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the capsule having a capsule wall surrounding an inner payload comprising at least one botanical.

The subject matter of the present invention is the use of chitin or a derivative of chitin for preventing and/or treating parasitoses, and in particular cryptosporidiosis. The present invention also pertains to a composition that comprises at least one base agent chosen from among chitin or a derivative of chitin and at least one secondary agent chosen from among an agent for stimulating immunity and an antiparasite agent, as well as the use of same for preventing and/or treating parasitoses, in particular cryptosporidiosis.

The subject matter of the present invention is the use of chitin or a derivative of chitin for preventing and/or treating parasitoses, and in particular cryptosporidiosis. The present invention also pertains to a composition that comprises at least one base agent chosen from among chitin or a derivative of chitin and at least one secondary agent chosen from among an agent for stimulating immunity and an antiparasite agent, as well as the use of same for preventing and/or treating parasitoses, in particular cryptosporidiosis.

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating various disorders and conditions in mammals, including chronic disorders in which there is a presence of an abnormal microbiota or an abnormal distribution of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides liquid preparations or formulations derived from a human fecal material (e.g., a stool) processed, e.g., filtered and/or centrifuged, such that all bacteria, fungal spores and viruses are removed, but retaining the native biologically active molecules from the fecal material and bacteriophages. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a “rough-”, “incomplete-” or medium-filtered microbiota which still comprises native physiological components or nutritive agents for the bacteria, e.g., retains native biologically and nutritionally active components. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a highly filtered or substantially purified microbiota in combination with, or having added back, a liquid preparation or formulation of the invention. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions or formulations where the bacteria, or microbiota, component has been cultured, or cultured under anaerobic conditions, or harvested, stored and/or cultured under anaerobic conditions. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides various additives, compositions and donor restrictions for treating these disorders and conditions.

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating various disorders and conditions in mammals, including chronic disorders in which there is a presence of an abnormal microbiota or an abnormal distribution of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides liquid preparations or formulations derived from a human fecal material (e.g., a stool) processed, e.g., filtered and/or centrifuged, such that all bacteria, fungal spores and viruses are removed, but retaining the native biologically active molecules from the fecal material and bacteriophages. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a “rough-”, “incomplete-” or medium-filtered microbiota which still comprises native physiological components or nutritive agents for the bacteria, e.g., retains native biologically and nutritionally active components. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a highly filtered or substantially purified microbiota in combination with, or having added back, a liquid preparation or formulation of the invention. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions or formulations where the bacteria, or microbiota, component has been cultured, or cultured under anaerobic conditions, or harvested, stored and/or cultured under anaerobic conditions. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides various additives, compositions and donor restrictions for treating these disorders and conditions.

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating various disorders and conditions in mammals, including chronic disorders in which there is a presence of an abnormal microbiota or an abnormal distribution of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides liquid preparations or formulations derived from a human fecal material (e.g., a stool) processed, e.g., filtered and/or centrifuged, such that all bacteria, fungal spores and viruses are removed, but retaining the native biologically active molecules from the fecal material and bacteriophages. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a “rough-”, “incomplete-” or medium-filtered microbiota which still comprises native physiological components or nutritive agents for the bacteria, e.g., retains native biologically and nutritionally active components. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a highly filtered or substantially purified microbiota in combination with, or having added back, a liquid preparation or formulation of the invention. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions or formulations where the bacteria, or microbiota, component has been cultured, or cultured under anaerobic conditions, or harvested, stored and/or cultured under anaerobic conditions. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides various additives, compositions and donor restrictions for treating these disorders and conditions.

Mammalian nutritional supplements comprising individual quantities of turmeric, Peganum harmala, and Arum palaestinum are provided, which promote several aspects of human health, and canine health. Advantageously, the turmeric is present in an amount greater than that of Peganum harmala or Arum palaestinum, and the supplements may contain additional beneficial ingredients, such as β-sitosterol, vanillin, garlic, and Vitamin C.

Mammalian nutritional supplements comprising individual quantities of turmeric, Peganum harmala, and Arum palaestinum are provided, which promote several aspects of human health, and canine health. Advantageously, the turmeric is present in an amount greater than that of Peganum harmala or Arum palaestinum, and the supplements may contain additional beneficial ingredients, such as β-sitosterol, vanillin, garlic, and Vitamin C.

Mammalian nutritional supplements comprising individual quantities of turmeric, Peganum harmala, and Arum palaestinum are provided, which promote several aspects of human health, and canine health. Advantageously, the turmeric is present in an amount greater than that of Peganum harmala or Arum palaestinum, and the supplements may contain additional beneficial ingredients, such as β-sitosterol, vanillin, garlic, and Vitamin C.

A composition for increasing dermal nitric oxide comprises in combination, a quantity of beet root extract, a quantity of aloe vera extract, a quantity of willow bark extract and a quantity of curcumin powder suspended in a base suitable for application to the skin of a user. The composition may be formed by providing the base suitable for application to the skin of a user and suspending within the base, in combination, a quantity of beet root extract, a quantity of aloe vera extract, a quantity of willow bark extract and a quantity of curcumin powder.