The present invention relates to antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof to human BMP6 and compositions and methods of use thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for treating anemia using a long-acting EPO formulation, and more specifically, a method for treating patients with anemia by confirmation of safe, long-acting, and optimal effective dosage and usage in administering a fusion polypeptide which comprises an EPO and an immunoglobulin hybrid Fc to patients with anemia. The method of administering the fusion polypeptide employs an appropriate dosage and usage which not only shows an excellent long-acting property compared to the existing EPO products but also minimizes cardiovascular side effects that may occur due to a rapid increase in hemoglobin level, which is an effect of anemia treatment.

A peptide is described herein that has: (i) a simple structure compared to existing natural human erythropoietin, thus capable of easily passing through a tissue-blood barrier, (ii) excellent bioactivity with respect to cell-protecting activity, (iii) a low manufacturing cost, thus being economically advantageous, and (iv) no side effects on cell proliferation. Also, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the erythropoietin-derived peptide described herein as an active ingredient is described. The pharmaceutical composition may be used for preventing or treating cell damage-related illnesses, such as stroke, mechanical damage or ischemic damage to the nervous system, myocardial infarction, retinal damage, and diabetes. Also, the described pharmaceutical composition may be used for preventing cell damage.

Aspects of the application provide hepcidin antagonists and methods of using the same in treating anemias of chronic disease, iron-restricted anemias, and/or conditions associated with anemia. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure relate to treating a subject with high hepcidin levels (e.g., ACD) by inhibiting the BMP signaling pathway (e.g., hemojuvelin-induced BMP signaling pathway) and/or the inflammatory response (e.g., IL-6 mediated inflammatory pathway).

Aspects of the application provide hepcidin antagonists and methods of using the same in treating anemias of chronic disease, iron-restricted anemias, and/or conditions associated with anemia. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure relate to treating a subject with high hepcidin levels (e.g., ACD) by inhibiting the BMP signaling pathway (e.g., hemojuvelin-induced BMP signaling pathway) and/or the inflammatory response (e.g., IL-6 mediated inflammatory pathway).

A range of therapeutic mRNA molecules expressible to provide a target polypeptide or protein. The RNA molecules can contain one or more 5-methoxyuridines and 5-methylcytidines. Further provided are DNA templates, which can be transcribed to provide a target mRNA, and can have altered nucleotides, such as reduced deoxyadenosines. Also provided are processes for making the therapeutic mRNA molecules. The RNA molecules can be translated in vitro or in vivo to provide an active polypeptide or protein. The RNA molecules can be included in a composition used for preventing, treating, or ameliorating at least one symptom of a disease or condition in a subject in need thereof.

Methods and compositions that can be used to modulate the activity of furin in a subject are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the methods include administering a pharmaceutical composition including a protease inhibitor. In some embodiments, the protease inhibitor inhibits furin activity by binding to the catalytic site, the allosteric site, or both.

In some aspects, disclosed herein are methods and compositions for treatment or prevention of cerebral palsy using fibroblasts or derivatives thereof. Disclosed herein are fibroblasts and derivatives thereof capable of inducing neurogenesis and/or reducing inflammation in a subject. In some cases, the disclosed methods comprise use of conditioned fibroblasts. Fibroblasts may be conditioned with agents capable of enhancing therapeutic efficacy, for example oxytocin and/or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG).

In some aspects, disclosed herein are methods and compositions for treatment or prevention of cerebral palsy using fibroblasts or derivatives thereof. Disclosed herein are fibroblasts and derivatives thereof capable of inducing neurogenesis and/or reducing inflammation in a subject. In some cases, the disclosed methods comprise use of conditioned fibroblasts. Fibroblasts may be conditioned with agents capable of enhancing therapeutic efficacy, for example oxytocin and/or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG).

The present invention provides methods of treating one or more complications of premature birth suffered by premature infants, comprising administering to the premature infant umbilical cord blood stem cells and, optionally, placental stem cells. The present invention also provides methods of combining and administering, and compositions comprising, umbilical cord blood stem cells, particularly autologous cord blood cells, and placental stem cells for the treatment of premature infants.