Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor; melanin, a melanin promoter, or a combination thereof a p450 3A4 promoter; and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof. Also provided are methods of reducing cell proliferation in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof.

Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor; melanin, a melanin promoter, or a combination thereof a p450 3A4 promoter; and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof. Also provided are methods of reducing cell proliferation in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof.

Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor; melanin, a melanin promoter, or a combination thereof a p450 3A4 promoter; and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof. Also provided are methods of reducing cell proliferation in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof.

Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including an alkylester of α-methyl-DL-tyrosine (or salt thereof), for example, α-methyl-DL-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of an alkylester of α-methyl-DL-tyrosine (or salt thereof), for example, α-methyl-DL-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, to the subject in need thereof.

Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including an alkylester of α-methyl-DL-tyrosine (or salt thereof), for example, α-methyl-DL-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of an alkylester of α-methyl-DL-tyrosine (or salt thereof), for example, α-methyl-DL-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, to the subject in need thereof.

The present disclosure relates to, among other things, compounds and methods for treating neuropathic pain, ocular pain, ocular inflammation, and/or dry eye and methods of detecting mutations in specific G-protein coupled receptors, such as missense mutations, and determining the extent to which these mutations alter the pharmacological response of the G-protein coupled receptor.

The present disclosure relates to, among other things, compounds and methods for treating neuropathic pain, ocular pain, ocular inflammation, and/or dry eye and methods of detecting mutations in specific G-protein coupled receptors, such as missense mutations, and determining the extent to which these mutations alter the pharmacological response of the G-protein coupled receptor.

Use of a subcutaneously administered dose of between about 1.25 mg and 1.75 mg of bremelanotide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of bremelanotide for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction in women while reducing or minimizing undesirable side effects.

Use of a subcutaneously administered dose of between about 1.25 mg and 1.75 mg of bremelanotide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of bremelanotide for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction in women while reducing or minimizing undesirable side effects.

Described herein are methods and compositions for inducing melanogenesis in a human subject. The method comprises administering to a subject an alpha-MSH analogue, in an effective amount and time to induce melanogenesis by the melanocytes in epidermal tissue of subject without inducing homologous desensitization of the melanocortin-1 receptors.