An embodiment relates to an ultrasonic additive manufacturing process, comprising joining a foil comprising a bulk metallic glass to a substrate; and forming a cladded composite comprising the foil and the substrate; wherein a thickness of the cladded composite is greater than a critical casting thickness of the bulk metallic glass, wherein the cladded composite comprises a cladding layer of the bulk metallic glass on the substrate and the bulk metallic glass comprises approximately 0% crystallinity, approximately 0% porosity, less than 50 MPa thermal stress, approximately 0% distortion, approximately 0 inch heat affected zone, approximately 0% dilution, and a strength of about 2,000-3,500 MPa.

There are provided an inorganic film in which the light transmittance is not decreased also when the inorganic film is laminated on organic material such as a resin, and a laminate. An inorganic film 13 which comprises a refractive index gradient film 13a having a refractive index changing continuously from n1 to n2 (n1<n2) and being a functional film; and a refractive index gradient film 13b having a refractive index changing continuously from n3 to n4 (n4<n3) and being a functional film, and in which further, a difference between n2 and n3 is 0.1 or less.

A process of forming a building product can include providing a first layer having a first material, and providing a second layer having a second material that different from the first material, wherein the second layer has pores. The process can further include infiltrating a fluid into the pores of the second layer while the first layer is present and adjacent to the second layer, wherein the fluid includes a carbonate. The process can still further include reacting the carbonate with a metal compound within the second layer to form a metal carbonate within the second layer. In another aspect, a building product can include a first layer having a first material, and a second layer having a second material and a third material that includes a metal carbonate. The first material can be different from the second material, and the second and third materials can include the same metal element.

A disposable wearable article includes an elastic film stretchable structure in which an elastic film is laminated between a first sheet layer and a second sheet layer. The first sheet layer and the second sheet layer are bonded to each other through holes passing through the elastic film with many bonded portions arranged at intervals. A region having the elastic film stretchable structure includes a stretchable region that elastically stretches and contracts together with the elastic film. The stretchable region includes a plurality of elastic films disposed so as to have an overlapping portion. The number of laminated layers of the elastic film in a region located in an intermediate portion of the stretchable region in an orthogonal direction (XD) orthogonal to a stretchable direction (ED) is different from that in each of second regions adjacent to both sides of the first region.

Solid state draw a laminated polymer billet containing two or more polymer compositions laminated to one another to prepare an oriented polymer composition.

A substrate structure applied in flexible electrical devices is provided. The substrate structure includes a carrier, a first material layer overlying the carrier with a first area, a second material layer overlying the first material layer and the carrier with a second area, and a flexible substrate overlying the second material layer, the first material layer and the carrier with a third area, wherein the second area is larger than or equal to the first area, the third area is larger than the second area, and the flexible substrate has a greater adhesion force than that of the first material layer to the carrier. The invention also provides a method for fabricating the substrate structure.

A biocompatible, resorbable biphasic collagen membrane having a first area of relatively higher tensile strength and stiffness and lower porosity and a second area of relatively lower tensile strength and stiffness and higher porosity, and a method of manufacturing the such a membrane.

This disclosure is related to the field of polymer interlayers for multiple layer glass panels and multiple layer glass panels having at least one polymer interlayer sheet. Specifically, this disclosure is related to the field of polymer interlayers comprising multiple thermoplastic layers which resist the formation of optical defects.

The present disclosure provides a jet-black multilayer coating film having excellent properties in high appearance, water resistance, and humidity resistance and comprising a base coating film and a clear coating film formed by a coating composition containing a plant-derived aliphatic polyester mainly and a method for forming the same. A jet-black multilayer coating film comprising a base coating film layer formed by a base coating composition which contains a polyester polyol (A-1) containing a polyol having three or more functions and lactic acid as a consisting component of 80 mol % or more and having a hydroxyl value of 140 to 240 mgKOH/g wherein 70 mol % or more of the hydroxyl groups are secondary hydroxyl groups, an acrylic resin (A-2) with a hydroxyl value of 30 to 80 mgKOH/g and a glass transition point of 40 to 80° C., and a polyisocyanate (A-3), and a clear coating film layer formed on said base coating film layer by a clear coating composition which contains a polyester polyol (B-1) obtained by polymerization of a raw composition of a polyol having three or more functions, sebacic acid, and a diol and having a hydroxyl value of 140 to 240 mgKOH/g, an acrylic resin (B-2) with a hydroxyl value of 120 to 220 mgKOH/g, and a polyisocyanate (B-3).

A PBN-coated carbon heater is disclosed in which the carbon base body is anisotropic with respect to thermal expansion coefficient such that the maximum-to-minimum coefficient ratio is 1.02 through 1.50 for temperatures between 50 and 800 degree C.; preferably the carbon base body is also anisotropic with respect to electric resistivity such that the maximum-to-minimum resistivity ratio is greater than 1.04 but not greater than 1.51, and the direction in which the resistivity is maximum coincides the direction of the heater pattern in which the electricity runs the longest distance.