Some embodiments provided herein are chimeric costimulatory antigen receptor (CoStAR), useful in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and cells comprising the CoStAR. In some embodiments, the CoStAR can act as a modulator of cellular activity enhancing responses to defined antigens. In some embodiments, CoStAR and/or fusion proteins, nucleic acids encoding the CoStAR and therapeutic uses thereof are also provided.

Cancer is treated using coordinated treatment regimens that uses various compounds and compositions that drive a tumor from the escape phase of cancer immunoediting to the elimination and equilibrium phase of cancer immunoediting.

The present invention relates to a chimeric costimulatory antigen receptor (CoStAR) useful in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and cells comprising the CoStAR. The CoStAR can act as a modulator of cellular activity enhancing responses to defined antigens. The present invention also provides CoStAR proteins, nucleic acids encoding the CoStAR and therapeutic uses thereof.

The present invention provides a chimeric cytokine receptor (CCR) comprising: (i) an exodomain which binds to a ligand selected from a tumour secreted factor, a chemokine and a cell-surface antigen; and (ii) a cytokine receptor endodomain.

The present invention relates to a method for activating a cell and a cell activated thereby and a use thereof, more particularly, to an in vitro method of enhancing, recovering of immune response of CD8 T cells in exhaustion and proliferating the CD8 T cells comprising the step of inducing overexpression of Klf4 protein in CD8 T cells, a cell population containing the CD8 T cells or transduced CAR-CD8 T cells whose anticancer activity is enhanced by overexpressing Klf4 protein and use thereof.

Disclosed are immunotherapeutic compositions and the concurrent use of combinations of such compositions for the improved induction of therapeutic immune responses and/or for the prevention, amelioration and/or treatment of disease, including, but not limited to, cancer and infectious disease.

The present invention relates to a Salmonella typhi Ty21a strain comprising a DNA molecule comprising at least one eukaryotic expression cassette encoding at least one tumor antigen, stroma antigen and/or checkpoint inhibitor antigen for the use in the treatment of cancer in a human subject following treatment with an antibiotic, wherein the Salmonellatyphi Ty21a strain is to be administered orally and optionally in combination with a checkpoint inhibitor.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for use in the treatment of a tumor, wherein said treatment comprises the combined administration of said mesenchymal stem cells with an anti-tumor immunotherapy, and wherein said MSCs do not comprise exogenous nucleic acids that encode immune response-stimulating cytokines. In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to the use of said MSCs in the treatment of a tumor and/or malignant disease, wherein the anti-tumor immunotherapy for combined administration comprises the administration of a cellular immunotherapy, preferably chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, wherein said T cell receptor binds specifically to a tumor-associated antigen, and the mesenchymal stem cells are not genetically modified.

The present invention relates to an attenuated strain of Salmonella comprising at least one copy of a DNA molecule comprising an expression cassette encoding Wilms' Tumor Protein (WT1), for use in the treatment of cancer, wherein the treatment further comprises the administration of at least one checkpoint inhibitor, particularly selected from at least one antibody against PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, IDO, OX-40, GITR, TIM-3, and LAG-3. The present invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an attenuated strain of Salmonella comprising at least one copy of a DNA molecule comprising an expression cassette encoding WT1 for use in the treatment of cancer, wherein the treatment further comprises the administration of at least one checkpoint inhibitor, particularly selected from at least one antibody against PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, IDO, OX-40, GITR, TIM-3, and LAG-3.

Provided herein are recombinant poxviruses that are stable through successive passaging of the recombinant poxviruses. More particularly, the recombinant poxviruses comprise one or more modified nucleic acids encoding MUC1, CEA, and/or TRICOM antigens, wherein the recombinant poxviruses are stable through successive passaging. Also, provided herein are compositions and method related thereto.