A power inverter includes a plurality of power modules each having a power stage encased in a frame that defines an opening. The power modules are stacked in an array with the power stages being spaced apart to define coolant chambers interleaved with the power stages. The openings cooperate to form a manifold cavity extending along a length of the stack and in fluid communication with the chambers. A manifold insert is disposed in the cavity and extends through the openings.

Systems and methods for improving operation of a hybrid vehicle are presented. In one example, an engine is couple to a transmission in response to a transmission upshift to reduce transmission output shaft torque disturbances.

A transmission control device (4) includes: a gear ratio calculating unit (4a) for calculating a target gear ratio of a transmission (2) based on a gear ratio control mode, to thereby control the transmission; an electric motor drive torque calculating unit (4b) for calculating a drive torque of an electric motor (9) based on the gear ratio control mode when drive of the electric motor (9) is permitted; and an engine torque calculating unit (4c) for calculating an output torque of an engine (1) based on the gear ratio control mode so as to achieve a best fuel efficiency operation state. The gear ratio calculating unit (4a) switches processing of calculating a gear ratio based on whether or not the drive of the electric motor (9) is permitted.

A hybrid electric vehicle includes an engine and an electric machine, both capable of providing propulsion power. A clutch is configured to selectively couple the engine to the electric machine. At times, the vehicle may be subject to excessive loads, such as a large amount of weight in the vehicle or the vehicle towing another object. At least one controller is programmed to engage the clutch and start the engine in response to a load of the vehicle exceeding a predetermined threshold and a release of the brake pedal while the vehicle is stopped and in drive. This increases available engine torque prior to vehicle launch in anticipation of an upcoming acceleration demand.

A traction motor of a hybrid electric vehicle drives a primary pump to provide pressurized hydraulic fluid to engage a power flow path of a multi-ratio transmission. To reduce fuel consumption, the motor is maintained at zero speed until a shift lever is moved into a drive position. After a power flow path is established, the motor speed is again reduced to zero until a driver demands torque by pressing an accelerator pedal. While the traction motor is stationary, an auxiliary pump maintains the fluid pressure to keep the transmission power flow path engaged.

A controller controls an electric motor such that a pulsation compensation torque corresponding to a pulsation component of a torque of an internal combustion engine, which appears in a drive shaft, is supplied to the drive shaft as a damping torque for suppressing vibrations of a hybrid vehicle. A determination is made as to whether a torque of the electric motor, excluding the pulsation compensation torque, is smaller than a predetermined value. When it is determined that the torque excluding the pulsation compensation torque is smaller than the predetermined value, the controller selects one mode having a highest energy efficiency of the hybrid vehicle from among a plurality of modes, and controls the internal combustion engine and the electric motor based on the selected mode.

A vehicle propulsion system includes an engine and a first electric machine each configured to selectively provide torque to propel the vehicle. The propulsion system also includes a second electric machine coupled to the engine and configured to start the engine from an inactive state. A high-voltage battery powers both of the first electric machine and the second electric machine over a high-voltage bus. The vehicle further includes a controller programmed to issue a command to start the engine using the second electric machine in response to a threshold acceleration demand following a period of reduced acceleration demand.

The power controller, when switching from the second power-source drive to the first power-source drive, determines a specified power of the second power-source based on a ratio of the target transmission capacity of a clutch to the target vehicle power, and controls the second power-source based on the specified power.

A motive power system includes a first energy storage, a second energy storage, an actuator, an internal combustion engine, a power transmission circuit, and circuitry. At least the actuator drives a load in a charge-depleting mode using a first energy supplied from the first energy storage and/or the second energy storage according to a second charge rate. At least the internal combustion engine drives the load in a charge-sustaining mode using a second energy that is lower than the first energy and that is supplied to the actuator from the first energy storage and/or the second energy storage according to a first charge rate.

A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a first motor, a planetary gear mechanism, a second motor, a battery, and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to: set a shift stage based on a depression amount of an accelerator and a vehicle speed or a driver's operation; set a base driving force based on the degree of the depression amount of the accelerator, the vehicle speed, and a target rotation speed; set a correction driving force such that the correction driving force increases with an increase in elapsed time after upshifting or an increase in the vehicle speed after upshifting when the shift stage upshifts; and control the engine, the first motor, and the second motor such that a driving force obtained by correcting the base driving force using the correction driving force is output to the drive shaft.