The present invention relates to multimers of polypeptides which are covalently bound to molecular scaffolds such that two or more peptide loops are subtended between attachment points to the scaffold. The invention also describes the multimerization of polypeptides through various chemical linkers and hinges of various lengths and rigidity using different sites of attachments within polypeptides. In particular, the invention describes multimers of peptides which are high affinity binders and activators of CD137. The invention also includes drug conjugates comprising said peptides, conjugated to one or more effector and/or functional groups, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said peptide ligands and drug conjugates and to the use of said peptide ligands and drug conjugates in preventing, suppressing or treating a disease or disorder mediated by CD137.

The invention relates to a composition in the form of an injectable aqueous solution, wherein the pH is comprised from 6.0 to 8.0, comprising at least: a) amylin, an amylin receptor agonist or an amylin analog; b) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and hydrophobic radicals Hy, characterized in that the composition does not comprise a basal insulin wherein the isoelectric point pI is comprised from 5.8 to 8.5.

It also relates to a composition characterized in that it further comprises a prandial insulin.

Provided herein are compositions comprising a DR6 peptide; and methods for treating cancer and/or a tumor, including a platinum drug resistant tumor or cancer, in a patient in need thereof.

An electrochemical catch-release system (1) for repeated use comprising pH-responsive polymers (2) covalently linked to a structure (3) via a monolayer (4) of eletrochemically insensitive aryl bonds, forming a polyelectrolyte arrangement (5), the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) being arranged to, when the covalently bounded polymers (2) are in a neutral state, catch an entity (6) being a protein, a vesicle, or a compound modified with poly(ethylene glycol) by non-electrostatic interactions e.g. hydrogen bonds, and when the polymers (2) are in a charged state, release by electrostatic repulsion an entity (6) captured by the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5). The system also comprising a device (7) for applying an electrochemical potential to the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) to induce a switch of the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) from the neutral state to the charged state or the reverse in the presence of redox active species.

An electrochemical catch-release system (1) for repeated use comprising pH-responsive polymers (2) covalently linked to a structure (3) via a monolayer (4) of eletrochemically insensitive aryl bonds, forming a polyelectrolyte arrangement (5), the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) being arranged to, when the covalently bounded polymers (2) are in a neutral state, catch an entity (6) being a protein, a vesicle, or a compound modified with poly(ethylene glycol) by non-electrostatic interactions e.g. hydrogen bonds, and when the polymers (2) are in a charged state, release by electrostatic repulsion an entity (6) captured by the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5). The system also comprising a device (7) for applying an electrochemical potential to the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) to induce a switch of the polyelectrolyte arrangement (5) from the neutral state to the charged state or the reverse in the presence of redox active species.

The present disclosure provides a method of purifying polysaccharides from a cell lysate, comprising partially purifying the cell lysate comprising an impurity and a polysaccharide to obtain a clarified cmde lysate; mixing the clarified crude lysate with a neutralization solution comprising a salt to form a neutralized lysate; mixing the neutralized lysate with a precipitation solution comprising cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to form a first supernatant and a first precipitate; and separating the first precipitate from the first supernatant, wherein the polysaccharide is located in the first supernatant. The present disclosure further provides a method of making a polysaccharide vaccine. Also provided are vaccines, delivery systems, compositions and polysaccharides made by the methods described herein.

Compositions comprising an MHC ligand peptide covalently attached to an MHC class II molecule are provided herein. In some compositions, the MHC ligand peptide is covalently attached to the MHC class II molecule by a peptide linker, wherein the MHC ligand peptide or the peptide linker comprises a first cysteine, wherein the MHC class II a chain or a portion thereof or the MHC class II β chain or a portion thereof comprises a second cysteine, and wherein the first cysteine and the second cysteine form a disulfide bond such that the MHC ligand peptide is bound in a peptide-binding groove formed by the MHC class II a chain or the portion thereof and the MHC class II β chain or the portion thereof. Also provided are nucleic acids encoding such compositions and methods for using such compositions to elicit an immune response in a subject.

The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating cancer, the composition containing IL-2 surface expression-extracellular vesicles as an active ingredient. According to the present invention, immune cells, in which useful cytokines have been expressed on the cell surface, and extracellular vesicles, preferably small extracellular vesicles (sEV), which are derived from the immune cells and have useful cytokines expressed on the surface were prepared using a lentiviral vector containing a cytokine-linker-a PDGF receptor transmembrane domain, and it was found that the extracellular vesicles increased proliferation and activity of cytotoxic T cells thereby increasing anti-cancer immune efficacy. Thus, the extracellular vesicles having the efficacy can be usefully utilized as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer, a pharmaceutical composition for co-administration with an anticancer drug, or a composition for delivering a drug or a physiologically active material.

A method of treating a synucleinopathy with a peptide (C)DQPVLPD (SEQ ID NO: 59), (C)DMPVLPD (SEQ ID NO: 60), (C)DSPVLPD (SEQ ID NO: 61), (C)DQPVLPDN (SEQ ID NO: 64), (C)DMPVLPDN (SEQ ID NO: 65), (C)DSPVLPDN (SEQ ID NO: 66), (C)HDRPVTPD (SEQ ID NO: 70), (C)DRPVTPD (SEQ ID NO: 71), (C)DVPVLPD (SEQ ID NO: 72), (C)DTPVYPD (SEQ ID NO: 73), (C)DTPVIPD (SEQ ID NO: 74), (C)HDRPVTPDN (SEQ ID NO: 75), (C)DRPVTPDN (SEQ ID NO: 76), (C)DVPVLPDN (SEQ ID NO: 78), (C)DTPVYPDN (SEQ ID NO: 79), (C)DQPVLPDG (SEQ ID NO: 81), (C)DMPVLPDG (SEQ ID NO: 82), (C)DSPVLPDG (SEQ ID NO: 83), (C)DHPVHPDS (SEQ ID NO: 86), (C)DMPVSPDR (SEQ ID NO: 87), (C)DRPVYPDI (SEQ ID NO: 90), (C)DHPVTPDR (SEQ ID NO: 91), (C)DTPVLPDS (SEQ ID NO: 93), (C)DMPVTPDT (SEQ ID NO: 94), (C)DAPVTPDT (SEQ ID NO: 95), (C)DSPVVPDN (SEQ ID NO: 96), (C)DLPVTPDR (SEQ ID NO: 97), (C)DSPVHPDT (SEQ ID NO: 98), (C)DAPVRPDS (SEQ ID NO: 99), (C)DMPVWPDG (SEQ ID NO: 100), (C)DRPVQPDR (SEQ ID NO: 102), (C)YDRPVQPDR (SEQ ID NO: 103), (C)DMPVDADN (SEQ ID NO: 105), DQPVLPD(C) (SEQ ID NO: 106), and DMPVLPD(C) (SEQ ID NO: 107.

The present invention provides modulators of complement activity. Also provided are methods of utilizing such modulators as therapeutics.