A method for evaluating treatment outcome in a patient having a genetic predisposition for a malignant neoplasm before clinical manifestation of the neoplasm can be seen radiographically. The method permits visualization of any tumor, whether located externally on a patient's body or located internally in the body, and as small as 2 mm in diameter, using a biomarker. The method uses biomarkers conjugated with nanoparticles which include but are not limited to quantum dots, with the conjugated form collectively termed functionalized nanoparticles, that are heated under specified conditions to produce a photoacoustic signal that is then visualized to locate and/or treat the tumor.

An immunomagnetic nanocapsule includes a core, a shell and an outer layer. The shell is formed by a complex, and the complex is fabricated by a combination of fucoidan, oxidized dextran, and a plurality of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles via a hydrophobic interaction. The core is encapsulated in the shell. The outer layer includes at least one antibody immobilized to outside of the shell to form the outer layer, wherein the antibody is an immune checkpoint inhibitor and/or a T cell expansion antibody.

Provided herein are various functionalized particles comprising a shell, dendritic linkers, and functional moieties. The dendrimer linkers allow very large numbers of functional moieties to be bound to the shell. The functional moieties may comprise peptides which synergistically promote platelet aggregation and hemostasis in wounded tissues. The functionalized particles may further be effectors of wound healing, thrombolysis and other functions, depending on the selection of functional moiety. Functionalized polymers having these functions are provided as well.

Blood-brain barrier permeable peptide compositions that contain variable antigen binding domains from camelid and/or shark heavy-chain only single-domain antibodies are described. The variable antigen binding domains of the peptide compositions bind to therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers in the central nervous system, such as the amyloid-beta peptide biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. The peptide compositions contain constant domains from human IgG, camelid IgG, and/or shark IgNAR. The peptide compositions include heavy-chain only single-domain antibodies and compositions with one or more variable antigen binding domain bound to one or more constant domains.

Methods and compositions for treating a patient for a condition characterized by an excess blood concentration of dissolved gas in at least one targeted region of the patient are provided. The method comprises administering a composition comprising a perfluorocarbon droplet emulsion into the blood of the patient; insonifying the at least one target region sufficient to achieve formation of microbubbles by droplet vaporization of at least a portion of the perfluorocarbon droplets present in the blood; whereby a concentration gradient favoring movement of gas molecules from the blood into the microbubbles is established for a time frame.

In various embodiments a payload molecule or drug molecule delivery system is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of functionalized discrete carbon nanotubes having specific properties. The composition can comprise a plurality of discrete carbon nanotubes that have at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes with a number average (ratio of number average contour length to end to end length) of greater than 1.1 and up to about 3. These discrete carbon nanotubes having the specified ratio of number average (tube contour length (T.sub.CL) to number average tube end-end length (T.sub.EE)) ratio are not only discrete (separated) from one another, but are also controlled in their alignment such that processability and mechanical strength properties are both enhanced. Utility of the molecular rebar composition includes, but is not limited to improved payload molecule delivery, such as drug delivery, into body of an animal, such as human.

The present disclosure provides a gene editing nanocapsule and a preparation method and use thereof. The gene editing nanocapsule has a core-shell structure, wherein the inner core includes a Cas/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complex, and the outer shell includes a polymer, the Cas/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complex has a gene editing function, and the polymer acts as a carrier for the Cas/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein complex and protects it, because the polymer contains tumor microenvironment sensitive molecules, the nanocapsules can be efficiently released in tumor cells. Further, the surface of the outer shell can be modified with a targeting agent, so that the nanocapsule can specifically target tumor cells, which improves the endocytosis efficiency of the nanocapsule. The gene editing nanocapsule has good biocompatibility and biosafety, and is expected to become a safe and efficient gene therapy drug for tumors.

A formulation including a nanostructure including an agent to activate a STING pathway in vivo and a C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist.

Non-viral delivery platforms are provided for facilitating transport of molecules across cell membranes. In some forms, DNA nanoshells capable of transporting cargo molecules are formed, and may be formed in order to surround a variety of materials for a variety of purposes.

The present invention is directed to compounds and compositions comprising thereof. Further, methods of use such as for the treatment and prevention of a neutrophil-associated disease or condition in a subject in need thereof are also provided.