A personalized chronic care system including (i) a sensor; (ii) a data receiving device separate from the sensor and configured to receive data directly or indirectly from the sensor; (iii) a data analytics device separate from the sensor and including at least one algorithm configured to analyze the sensor data and provide an analyzed data outcome; and (iv) at least one output device separate from the sensor and in communication with the data analytics device, the at least one output device configured to receive and communicate the analyzed data outcome to a health care provider.

A system of identifying an ultrafiltration rate in a renal replacement therapy device is provided, wherein the system includes a controller connected to a first flow sensor obtaining flow rate data from a blood withdrawal line and a second sensor obtaining flow rate data from a blood delivery line. The controller calibrates, such as matches, the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor from flow measurements during periods of known ultrafiltration by the renal replacement therapy device. The controller is further configured to perform periodic equalization of the flow sensors, at a known ultrafiltration rate during the treatment session. The controller can employ flow rate data from the calibrated or equalized first flow sensor and the second flow sensor to calculate an ultrafiltration rate of the renal replacement therapy device based on the measured blood flow into and out of the renal replacement therapy device. The calibration can be performed before, during, or after blood treatment in a treatment session.

A dialysis system may include a blood circuit, a cassette, a subsystem having a processor, a sensor, and a blood pumping mechanism, a housing in which the subsystem is arranged, a movable support arranged in the housing and configured to hold the sensor and/or the blood pumping mechanism of the subsystem, a cassette holder configured to removably receive the cassette, and a loading system. The loading system may be configured to move the movable support, e.g. by an axial movement, to a first position and to a second position relatively to the housing while the cassette holder is fixedly arranged in the housing. The loading system may have an electric motor controlled by the processor, a drive assembly coupled to the electric motor, and a guiding assembly configured to cooperate with the drive assembly.

A system for calculating cardiac output of a patient on an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit, such as veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, includes determining (i) a first arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and (ii) a first carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the first removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; establishing a second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood in the oxygenator in the extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit; determining (i) a second arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and (ii) a second carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; and calculating a cardiac output of the patient corresponding to a blood flow rate through the extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit, the first arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate, the first carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the first removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; the second arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and the second carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood.

A system for calculating cardiac output of a patient on an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit includes determining the cardiac output corresponding to a blood flow rate through an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit, a first arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate, a first carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to a first removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; a second arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and a second carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to a second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood.

Systems, devices, kits, and methods are provided herein in the form of example embodiments that relate to calibration of medical devices. The medical devices can be sensors adapted to sense a biochemical attribute. The embodiments can be used to determine calibration information specific to an individual medical device. The embodiments can determine the calibration information by reference to one or more parameters obtained during manufacturing of the medical device. The embodiments can also determine the calibration information by reference to in vitro testing of the medical devices. The embodiments also apply to systems incorporating those medical devices in their use in the field. Also described are embodiments of modifications to surfaces of sensor substrates, such as through applied radiation and/or the creation of a well, to aid in the placement and/or sizing of a sensor element on the substrate.

Systems, devices, kits, and methods are provided herein in the form of example embodiments that relate to calibration of medical devices. The medical devices can be sensors adapted to sense a biochemical attribute. The embodiments can be used to determine calibration information specific to an individual medical device. The embodiments can determine the calibration information by reference to one or more parameters obtained during manufacturing of the medical device. The embodiments can also determine the calibration information by reference to in vitro testing of the medical devices. The embodiments also apply to systems incorporating those medical devices in their use in the field. Also described are embodiments of modifications to surfaces of sensor substrates, such as through applied radiation and/or the creation of a well, to aid in the placement and/or sizing of a sensor element on the substrate.

A dialysis system is provided that includes a dialysis machine and a potassium sensing device that is configured to measure the concentration of potassium in the patient's blood, in spent dialysate resulting from treating the patient, or in both. The potassium sensing device can be configured to generate a sensed value of the concentration of potassium. A control and computing unit, including a processor and a memory, is configured to receive the sensed value, compare the value with one or more values stored in the memory, and generate a control signal based on the comparison. A potassium infusion circuit uses the control signal to infuse supplemental potassium solution into the treatment dialysate, a replacement fluid, or both. The memory can include stored patient-historical and population data.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator for connecting to a dialysis apparatus, the dialysate regenerator including a regenerator inlet for receiving dialysate; a regenerator outlet for dispensing regenerated dialysate; a hydraulic circuit connected between the regenerator inlet and the regenerator outlet, and further including a fluid portioning system to divide a dialysate flow into uniform portions for sequential regeneration An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysis system including a dialysis apparatus including: a fresh dialysate input; a spent dialysate output; and the dialysate regenerator, wherein the regenerator inlet may be coupled to the spent dialysate output for receiving spent dialysate, and wherein the regenerator outlet may be coupled to the fresh dialysate input for dispensing regenerated dialysate.

A renal therapy system is disclosed. In an example, the renal therapy system includes a user interface device, such as a tablet computer. The renal therapy system also includes a renal therapy machine configured to perform a renal therapy. The renal therapy machine includes a data transfer interface configured to communicatively couple to the user interface device, a dialysis fluid pump, and a processor that operates a connectivity agent having an activated mode and a deactivated mode. When in the activated mode, the connectivity agent enables the processor to send data related to a performance of the renal therapy to a system hub. In the deactivated mode, the processor is prevented from sending the data to or receiving any data from the system hub. The user interface device is configured to receive data from and send data to the processor regardless of a status of the connectivity agent.