A device for extracorporeal blood treatment is disclosed that includes a detection equipment for detecting uremic toxins in a used dialysis liquid by measuring the absorbance, the detection equipment being provided at such a position downstream the outflow of the dialysis liquid from a filter element that at least one of the following requirements is fulfilled: a) the filling volume of the fluid line and of the components starting from the outflow of the used dialysis liquid from the filter element to the detection equipment is less than or equal to 100 ml; and b) the length of the fluid line starting from the outflow of the used dialysis liquid from the filter element to the detection equipment is at most 250 cm.

An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a treatment unit (2), a blood withdrawal line (6), a blood return line (7), a preparation line (19) and a spent dialysate line (13). A control unit (10) is configured to calculate values of a parameter relating to treatment effectiveness based on measures of the conductivity in the spent dialysate line (13) subsequent to an alternating conductivity perturbation continuously imposed on the preparation line (19) of fresh dialysis fluid.

A blood treatment machine, module device and recirculation determination method feature a dialyser. A sensor is connected downstream of the dialyser and connected to a control unit that determines recirculation without blood-side bolus administration. The control unit: acquires the signal of a variable of consumed dialysis liquid measured by the sensor; switches the machine from a base mode into an interim mode, in which a dialysis liquid amount is confined in the dialyser on the dialysis liquid membrane side while blood flows in the blood circuit; changes into the base mode to supply the previously confined dialysis liquid amount as a first or second dialysis liquid bolus to the sensor to measure a signal change relative to a base signal as a corresponding first or second bolus signal; and deduces a recirculation from a deviation of the second bolus signal compared to the first bolus signal.

A method that regulates supply of substituate in an extracorporeal blood treatment with an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus comprising a dialyzer divided by a semipermeable membrane into a blood chamber and a dialyzing fluid chamber and a device for supplying substituate. An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus that includes a device for regulating supply of substituate. Regulation of supply of substituate in the extracorporeal blood treatment takes place as a function of the rheological loading of the dialyzer. To regulate supply of substituate during extracorporeal blood treatment, rheological loading of the dialyzer is determined from transmembrane pressure on the dialyzer and flow resistance of the dialyzer and substituate rate is increased or reduced according to the loading. The selection of dialyzer parameters or blood parameters is therefore no longer necessary and the distinction between pre-dilution and post-dilution is also made obsolete.

The invention relates to a system for determining a cardiovascular parameter in a patient, wherein the system is adapted to work in conjunction with an extracorporeal blood treatment device (ECBTD) connectable to a patient's vascular system, wherein the ECBTD comprises a first circuit, the system comprising: a liquid-filled, second circuit thermally connected to the first circuit of the ECBTD via a heat exchanger, temperature changing means for generating a temperature change in the second circuit, temperature sensors TS2up and TS2down arranged in the second circuit upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger, respectively. A computer system connected to the temperature sensors and the temperature changing means is adapted to induce a temperature bolus within the first circuit of the ECBTD via the temperature changing means. From the individual temperature recorded as a function of time, temperature curves T2up(t) and T2down(t) are derived and evaluated.

An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a treatment unit, a blood withdrawal line, a blood return line, a preparation line and a spent dialysate line. A control unit (10) is configured to calculate values of a parameter relating to treatment effectiveness based on measures of the conductivity in the spent dialysate line. An upstream variation of the value of the characteristic (Cd.sub.in) is caused in the fresh treatment liquid with respect to a prescription baseline (Cd.sub.set) thereby causing a corresponding and timely delayed downstream variation of the same characteristic (Cd.sub.out) in the spent liquid flowing in the spent dialysate line (13). An amplitude (C.sub.in) and/or a duration over time (T) of the upstream variation are/is computed as a function of the flow rate (Qdial) of the fresh treatment liquid in a preparation line (19) or of the parameter correlated to the flow rate (Qdial).

An extracorporeal blood treatment device with a function-monitoring system, wherein the extracorporeal blood treatment device for connection to the vascular system of a patient has an input branch and an output branch. The extracorporeal blood treatment device is equipped, in a first circuit, with at least one first pump arranged between the input branch and output branch for moving the patient's blood, and, in a second circuit filled with liquid and thermally connected to the first circuit of the extracorporeal blood treatment device via a heat exchanger, it has temperature-influencing means. The function-monitoring system has, in the second circuit, two temperature sensors which are arranged upstream (TS2.sub.auf) and downstream (TS2.sub.ab), respectively, with respect to the heat exchanger, in addition, temperature sensor TS1.sub.ab is arranged in the output branch of the first circuit, downstream from the heat exchanger. The function-monitoring system moreover comprises a computer system which is operatively connected to the aforementioned temperature sensors and the temperature-influencing means and which, after the temperature has been influenced, establishes, from the detected temperature values, corresponding thermodilution curves (TDK1.sub.ab, TDK2.sub.ab, TDK2.sub.auf) and, in order to determine an indicator of the function of the extracorporeal blood treatment device, relates the TDK2.sub.ab and the TDK.sub.1ab to each other.