Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

A device for conveying a fluid to a filter unit of a medical treatment apparatus, in particular for conveying a dialyzing fluid to a filter unit, in particular a blood treatment unit of an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus. The device includes one or more devices for measuring pressure in the fluid system. Moreover, a method for measuring the pressure in the fluid system of such a supply device.

A machine is provided with a slot to releasably receive and retain a cartridge in which dialysis is effected. The machine is configured for supplying to the cartridge, at a controlled temperature and rate, sterile water for use in haemodialysis and is operable to maintain, in a sterile condition, residual water contained therein after completion of a haemodialysis treatment.

A dialysis machine includes a dialyzer (1), a dialysate feed system (5) having a feed line (52), and a discharge system (6) having a discharge line (62). The machine further includes ultrafiltration control elements (UF) and back-filtration control elements (RF). The feed line is provided with a constriction (520) and with elements for measuring the pressure difference (523, 524) across the terminals of the constriction. The feed system further includes a ventricle bag (50), and pressurizer elements (70) for putting the ventricle bag (50) under pressure. The machine further includes an open/close system (C5, C5′) for opening/closing the discharge line (62) and the back-filtration control elements cause the discharge line (62) to close, and control the pressure applied to the ventricle bag (50), as a function of the pressure difference measured across the terminals of the constriction (520), so as to obtain a given flow rate of dialysate.

A device for extracorporeal blood treatment and a method for operating an extracorporeal blood treatment device provide for an ultrafiltrate pump of an ultrafiltration apparatus to be operated in a first and second operating mode. The ultrafiltrate pump is operated in the first operating mode in such a way that the pressure on the blood-side of the semipermeable membrane is higher than the pressure on the dialysate-side of the semipermeable membrane of a dialyser, so that during the first operating mode a predetermined amount of fluid is removed from an extracorporeal blood circuit via the semipermeable membrane of the dialyser. In the second operating mode, the ultrafiltrate pump is operated in such a way that the pressure on the blood-side of the semipermeable membrane is, at successive intervals, alternately higher and lower than the pressure on the dialysate-side of the semipermeable membrane of the dialyser, so that fluid is continuously removed from and supplied to the extracorporeal blood circuit via the semipermeable membrane (push/pull mode). Additional components, in particular a separate push/pull pump, are not required for operation of the blood treatment device in push/pull mode. This results in both lower dimensions and lower weight. Operation in push/pull mode can increase the service life of the dialyser and the clearance of the dialysis treatment can also be increased for certain substances.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for dialysis treatment which has device(s) for balancing fresh and used dialysis fluid. The present invention also relates to a method of balancing fresh and used dialysis fluid. The apparatus and method according to the present invention for balancing fresh and used dialysis fluid are characterized in that the individual balancing chambers of the balancing system receive both fresh dialysis fluid and used dialysis fluid, the functions of the balancing chambers being alternately interchanged. In this way, exact balancing can be achieved even when the volumes of the individual chambers differ from one another. Over the period of the treatment as a whole, the differences between the volumes balance each other out due to the cyclic interchange of the chambers.

A disposable cartridge for use in a hemodialysis machine has a blood flow path for carrying a volume of blood to be treated in a dialyser and a dialysate flow path, isolated from the blood flow path, for delivering a flow of dialysate solution through the dialyser. The cartridge is received in an engine section of the machine. The engine section has first and second platens which close when the cartridge is inserted to retain the cartridge. Actuators and sensors arranged on the second platen control operation of the cartridge.

Provided is a blood processing apparatus having multiple fluid chambers each having an internal space, a chamber pressurizing member compressing or expanding the internal spaces of the chambers, a chamber pressurizing member driver driving the chamber pressurizing member, and a flow control unit. The chambers are each connected with a first flow tube through which a fluid is provided to the chamber and a second flow tube through which a fluid of the chamber is discharged therefrom. The flow control unit controls a flow through the flow tubes connected to the multiple fluid chambers.

Provided is a blood dialyzing apparatus having multiple fluid chambers each having an internal space, a chamber pressurizing member compressing or expanding the internal spaces of the chambers, a chamber pressurizing member driver driving the chamber pressurizing member, and a flow control unit. The chambers are each connected with a first flow tube through which a fluid is provided to the chamber and a second flow tube through which a fluid of the chamber is discharged therefrom. The flow control unit controls a flow through the flow tubes connected to the multiple fluid chambers.

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.