A modular assembly for a portable hemodialysis system may include a dialysis unit, e.g., that contains suitable components for performing hemodialysis, such as a dialyzer, one or more pumps to circulate blood through the dialyzer, a source of dialysate, and one or more pumps to circulate the dialysate through the dialyzer, and a power unit having a housing that contains suitable components for providing operating power to the pumps of the dialysis unit. The power unit may be selectively connected to the dialysis unit and provide power (e.g., pneumatic power in the form of pressure and/or vacuum) to the dialysis unit for the pumps when connected to the dialysis unit, but may be incapable of providing power to the dialysis unit when disconnected from the dialysis unit. The dialysis unit and the power unit are sized and weighted to each be carried by hand by a human.

An apparatus for sterilizing a dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment includes a pulsed electric field generator arranged for generating a pulsed electric field penetrating the dialyzer received between a first electrode and a second electrode, when a pulsed electric voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode of the generator. A method of sterilizing a dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment adapted to be executed using the apparatus incorporates, in a process for preparing or manufacturing the dialyzer, at least the steps of generating a pulsed electric field using a predetermined number of electric pulses of defined electric voltage, defined pulse duration and defined pulse-off time between the pulses, and applying the pulsed electric field to the dialyzer.

A hemodialysis machine includes a main body and a door connected to the main body. The door and the main body cooperate to define a non-removable chamber. The door is openable relative to the main body of the hemodialysis machine to allow a salt to be placed into the non-removable chamber when the door is in an open position. The main body further includes a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and a pumping mechanism. The fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are in fluid communication with the non-removable chamber. The pumping mechanism is configured to deliver a fluid from a fluid source to the non-removable chamber through the fluid inlet to mix with salt within the non-removable chamber to form a salt solution that exits the non-removable chamber through the fluid outlet.

A drain cassette for a dialysis unit has a fluid channel between venous and arterial connection ports, and a valve may controllably open and close fluid communication between a drain outlet port and the venous connection port or the arterial connection port. A blood circuit assembly and drain cassette may be removable from the dialysis unit, e.g., by hand and without the use of tools. A blood circuit assembly may include a single, unitary member that defines portions of a pair of blood pumps, control valves, channels to accurately position flexible tubing for an occluder, an air trap support, and/or other portions of the assembly. A blood circuit assembly engagement device may assist with retaining a blood circuit assembly on the dialysis unit, and/or with removal of the assembly. An actuator may operate a retainer element and an ejector element that interact with the assembly.

A blood circuit assembly for a dialysis unit may include an organizing tray, a pair of pneumatic pumps mounted to the organizing tray for circulating blood received from a patient through a circuit including a dialyzer unit and returned to the patient, an air trap mounted to the organizing tray arranged to remove air from blood circulating in the circuit, a pair of dialyzer connections arranged to connect to the inlet and outlet of a dialyzer unit, and a pair of blood line connectors, one inlet blood line connector for receiving blood from the patient and providing blood to the pneumatic pumps and the other outlet blood line connector for returning blood to the patient.

A drain cassette for a dialysis unit has a fluid channel between venous and arterial connection ports, and a valve may controllably open and close fluid communication between a drain outlet port and the venous connection port or the arterial connection port. A blood circuit assembly and drain cassette may be removable from the dialysis unit, e.g., by hand and without the use of tools. A blood circuit assembly may include a single, unitary member that defines portions of a pair of blood pumps, control valves, channels to accurately position flexible tubing for an occluder, an air trap support, and/or other portions of the assembly. A blood circuit assembly engagement device may assist with retaining a blood circuit assembly on the dialysis unit, and/or with removal of the assembly. An actuator may operate a retainer element and an ejector element that interact with the assembly.

A renal therapy apparatus includes a blood filter, a blood pump, a treatment fluid pump, and a control unit configured to control at least one of the blood pump or the treatment fluid pump during a filter cleaning sequence. In a first phase of the filter cleaning sequence, a first fluid including a blood-compatible and physiologically safe fluid is transferred back and forth across the insides and/or outsides of the blood filter. After the first phase, a second fluid is formed by mixing the first fluid with air. In a second phase of the filter cleaning sequence, the second fluid is transferred across the insides and/or outsides of the blood filter at least one time.

A hybrid hemodialysis (HD)/peritoneal dialysis (PD) system includes: a reservoir; a weigh scale operably coupled with the reservoir; and at least one controller programmed to run (i) an HD treatment in which blood is pumped to a blood compartment of a dialyzer, fresh HD dialysis fluid is pumped to a dialysis fluid compartment of the dialyzer, and used HD dialysis fluid is pumped from the dialysis fluid compartment of the dialyzer to the reservoir, and at a different time (ii) a PD treatment in which fresh PD dialysis fluid is pumped to a patient and used PD dialysis fluid is pumped from the patient to the reservoir.

A dialysis machine comprising internal fluidics, wherein the internal fluidics includes a dialysis fluid pump for pumping dialysis fluid from a dialysis fluid reservoir through a dialysis fluid feed line to a dialyzer and from the dialyzer through a dialysis fluid drain line to a waste reservoir, a substitution fluid pump for supplying dialysis fluid through a substitution fluid feed line as substitution fluid to an extracorporeal hose system including ports on the patient side and coupling means for connecting the extracorporeal hose system to the internal fluidics is disclosed.

A medical apparatus for the preparation of medical fluid is disclosed, comprising a support structure, a movable member, biasing means, and locking means. The movable member is mounted to the support structure and the biasing means are configured to operate in at least one of a repulsion mode and an attraction mode In the repulsion mode, the biasing means exert on the movable member a biasing force directing the movable member away from its retracted configuration, and in the attraction mode, the biasing means exert on the movable member a biasing force directing the movable member towards its retracted configuration. A blood treatment apparatus comprising the medical apparatus for the preparation of fluid, a method of setting up the medical apparatus, and a method for use of the apparatus are also disclosed.