A blood purification apparatus that includes a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit and through which blood of a patient is allowed to extracorporeally circulate; a blood purification unit connected to and provided between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and that purifies the blood flowing through the blood circuit; a blood pump provided to the arterial blood circuit and that delivers the blood of the patient from a distal end of the arterial blood circuit to a distal end of the venous blood circuit; a substitution line through which a substitution fluid is allowed to be introduced into the blood circuit; and an infusion portion attached to the substitution line and from which a predetermined liquid drug to be administered to the patient is allowed to be infused into the substitution line. The blood purification apparatus includes a control unit that executes a drug introduction mode in which the substitution fluid in the substitution line is introduced into the blood circuit, the control unit causing the liquid drug infused from the infusion portion in the drug introduction mode to be introduced into the blood circuit together with the substitution fluid; and a calculation unit that calculates a volume of the substitution fluid introduced from the substitution line into the blood circuit with the execution of the drug introduction mode.

A portable dialysis cabinet for use in dialysis. The portable dialysis cabinet can have a size and weight that facilitates easy movement of the cabinet from one location to another with relative ease. The portable dialysis cabinet can have additional features necessary to facilitate portability, such as wheels and a handle. In general, the portable dialysis cabinet can contain all the necessary components for performing a dialysis session.

A blood filtration system can reduce the amount of plasma constituents (e.g., water and/or electrolytes) in the blood of the patient, and accordingly increase the hematocrit value of the patient. The blood filtration system (e.g., a controller, or the like) can determine a hematocrit value of a patient. The blood filtration system can determine a venous pressure of vasculature of a patient. The blood filtration system can compensate for pressure head in a component of a blood circuit (e.g., a withdrawal line of a catheter), for example to improve the accuracy of the venous pressure determination. The blood filtration system can determine one or more resistance characteristics of a blood circuit for the blood filtration system. The resistance characteristics can correspond to a resistance to a flow of blood through a component of the blood circuit.

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

A hemodialysis system is disclosed. The hemodialysis system includes a dialyzer, a saline container including saline, and a disposable set comprising a blood pumping tube fluidly connected to a first end of the dialyzer, an arterial line fluidly connected to a first end of the blood pumping tube, a venous line fluidly connected to a second end of the dialyzer, a saline line fluidly connected to the blood pumping tube and the saline container, and a dialyzer line fluidly connected to a second end of the blood pumping tube and a second end of the dialyzer. The hemodialysis system also includes a dialysis instrument comprising an arterial line clamp, a venous line clamp, and a saline valve. The saline rinses blood out of the arterial line when the venous line clamp is closed, the arterial line clamp is opened, and the saline value is opened.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus is provided comprising a filtration unit (2) connected to a blood circuit (17) and to a dialysate circuit (32); a control unit (12) is configured for calculating a sodium concentration value for the blood; the estimation of the sodium concentration includes the sub-step of calculating the sodium concentration value as an algebraic sum of a main contribution term based on the isoconductive sodium concentrate and of an offset contribution term based on a concentration of at least a substance in the dialysis fluid chosen in the group including bicarbonate, potassium, acetate, lactate, citrate, magnesium, calcium, sulphate and phosphate.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus is provided comprising a filtration unit (2) connected to a blood circuit (17) and to a dialysate circuit (32), a preparation device (9) for preparing and regulating the composition of the dialysis fluid; a control unit (12) is configured for setting a sodium concentration value for the dialysis fluid in the dialysis supply line (8) at a set point; the setting of the sodium concentration includes the sub-step of calculating the sodium concentration value as an algebraic sum of a main contribution term based on the blood plasma conductivity and of an adjustment contribution term based on a concentration of at least a substance in the dialysis fluid chosen in the group including bicarbonate, potassium, acetate, lactate, citrate, magnesium, calcium, sulphate, and phosphate.

The present invention relates to a dialysis machine having a dialyzer and having a first balancing chamber and having a second balancing chamber of which each has at least two first and second balancing chamber halves separated from one another by a movable wall, wherein each first balancing chamber half is provided with a respective first inflow and with a respective first outflow, wherein the first inflows of the first balancing chamber halves are in fluid communication with a source of fresh dialyzate and the first outflow of the first balancing chamber half is in fluid communication with a dialyzer inflow, and wherein the second inflows of the second balancing chamber halves are in fluid communication with a dialyzer outflow, wherein the second outflows of the second balancing chamber halves are in fluid communication with one another so that consumed dialyzate can be transferred from a second balancing chamber half of one balancing chamber to a second balancing chamber half of the other balancing chamber.

A hemodialysis system is disclosed. The hemodialysis system includes a disposable set including a blood pumping tube, a fresh dialysate pumping tube, and a spent dialysate pumping tube. The hemodialysis system also includes a dialysis instrument including a blood pump head, a fresh dialysate pump head, a spent dialysate pump head, a first motor positioned and arranged to operate the blood pump head, a second motor positioned and arranged to operate the fresh dialysate pump head, and a third motor positioned and arranged to operate the spent dialysate pump head. When the disposable set is loaded into the dialysis instrument, the blood pumping tube comes into registry with the blood pump head, the fresh dialysate pumping tube comes into registry with the fresh dialysate pump head, and spent dialysate pumping tube comes into registry with the spent dialysate pump head.

The present disclosure relates to methods for dosing a substituate produced by a blood treatment apparatus. Dosing for the present disclosure is via a hydraulic system of the blood treatment apparatus, the hydraulic system having at least one dialysis liquid supply line which leads into a dialyzer and at least one substituate line. Regulating or controlling the size of the share which passes through the second filtration stage is performed by affecting at least one conveying apparatus and/or at least one flow limitation device and/or a flow divider valve, which are each located or which each operate in the dialysis liquid supply line and/or the substituate line and/or in the branch line which connects the dialysis liquid Supply line with the substituate line. The present disclosure further relates to a control device, a blood treatment apparatus, and a medical functional apparatus.