Manifolds suitable for use in hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and peritoneal dialysis are provided. One or more of the manifolds can include a manifold body and an external tube. The manifold body can include at least one conduit including a first conduit and at least one port including a first port in fluid communication with the first conduit. The external tube can be in fluid communication with the first port and can include a main segment, a first branch segment, and a second branch segment containing at least one bacterial filter. The first branch segment and/or second branch segment can include at least one flow restrictor. Dialysis machines, systems, and kits including one or more such manifold are also provided, as are methods of performing hemodiafiltration using such manifolds.

A method and apparatus are provided for a hemodiafiltration delivery module that is used in conjunction with a UF controlled dialysis machine to enable hemodiafiltration therapy to be performed. The advantage is that one can fully utilize a current functioning dialysis machine to perform a hemodiafiltration therapy as opposed to purchasing a completely new machine that offers this capability.

A hemodialysis system is disclosed. The hemodialysis system includes a disposable set including a blood pumping tube, a fresh dialysate pumping tube, and a spent dialysate pumping tube. The hemodialysis system also includes a dialysis instrument including a blood pump head, a fresh dialysate pump head, a spent dialysate pump head, a first motor positioned and arranged to operate the blood pump head, a second motor positioned and arranged to operate the fresh dialysate pump head, and a third motor positioned and arranged to operate the spent dialysate pump head. When the disposable set is loaded into the dialysis instrument, the blood pumping tube comes into registry with the blood pump head, the fresh dialysate pumping tube comes into registry with the fresh dialysate pump head, and spent dialysate pumping tube comes into registry with the spent dialysate pump head.

Manifolds suitable for use in hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and peritoneal dialysis are provided. One or more of the manifolds can include a manifold body and an external tube. The manifold body can include at least one conduit including a first conduit and at least one port including a first port in fluid communication with the first conduit. The external tube can be in fluid communication with the first port and can include a main segment, a first branch segment, and a second branch segment containing at least one bacterial filter. The first branch segment and/or second branch segment can include at least one flow restrictor. Dialysis machines, systems, and kits including one or more such manifolds are also provided, as are methods of performing hemodiafiltration using such manifolds.

A hemodialysis device and method are provided in which a hemodialyzer is designed for blood to flow past a semipermeable membrane and for a dialysate to flow in the opposite direction on the other side of the semipermeable membrane where uremic solutes are capable of diffusing from the blood into the dialysate passing the semipermeable membrane, and further designed in which a sorbent incorporated in a dialysate path as the dialysate passes the semipermeable membrane. The sorbent binds to non-urea uremic solutes and in particular to non-urea uremic solutes that bind to plasma proteins. In addition, the sorbent binds urea and inorganic ions much less effectively than non-urea uremic solutes and in particular to non-urea uremic solutes that bind to plasma proteins.

A method for adjustment of a dialysate during dialysis for a patient is provided. A patient undergoing a dialysis treatment, e.g., a hemodialysis (HD) treatment, can experience multiple physiological changes during the treatment. These can include change in blood volume as well as change in concentration of blood electrolytes. Blood electrolytes when taken out of their desired ranges can result in one or more health risks. The disclosure provides a way of avoiding those health risks by adjusting composition of dialysate during dialysis treatment such that blood electrolytes are maintained within their desired ranges.

The application is directed to an extracorporeal blood processing system capable of using dialysate to prime the system. A plastic molded compact manifold supports molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with relevant sensors, valves and pumps. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. A two-way valve in the manifold is used to direct the dialysate flow through the blood circuit to prime the circuit for use in treatment.

A method for priming a renal therapy machine is disclosed. The method includes communicating a source of a physiologically compatible solution with a blood circuit and moving the physiologically compatible solution from the source to the blood circuit. The method also includes moving the physiologically compatible solution through the blood circuit to prime the blood circuit. The method further includes moving the physiologically compatible solution from the blood circuit though porous fibers of a blood filter, causing air to be purged from the blood circuit and into a dialysis fluid circuit portion of the blood filter.

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

A blood treatment apparatus having an extracorporeal circuit has a dialyzate circuit with a dialyzer, having a blood-side chamber, and a dialyzate-side chamber separated from the blood-side chamber by a membrane. The blood-side chamber is in fluid communication with the extracorporeal circuit and the dialyzate-side chamber is in fluid communication with the dialyzate circuit, and the apparatus has a preparation unit for online preparation of a solution. The apparatus has a first means for carrying out a priming mode and a second means for carrying out an initial treatment mode. The first means is configured to control the preparation unit to prepare a flushing solution having a pH of 7.3, with the extracorporeal circuit being filled with the flushing solution. The second means is configured to control the preparation unit to prepare the dialyzate having a pH of 7.3, with the dialyzate circuit being filled with the dialyzate.