An extracorporeal blood processing system comprises a plastic molded compact manifold that supports a plurality of molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with a plurality of relevant sensors, valves and pumps. A disposable dialyzer is connected to the molded manifold to complete the blood circuit of the system. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine.

A fluid cassette, for example, a blood treatment cassette having a cassette body embodied as a hard part and, optionally, a film which is connected to the hard part and at least partially covers the hard part, wherein the hard part comprises at least one first alignment device, and a second alignment device which are optionally arranged at first and second opposite sides of the fluid cassette or are attached thereon. The disclosure relates in addition to a blood treatment apparatus.

Methods and systems for maintaining patient fluid balance during an extracorporeal cell treatment are disclosed. The method includes minimizing the amount of saline or other fluid that is returned to the donor. Saline used during priming of the fluid circuit may be used to increase the volume of the collected cells to arrive at a treatment-ready product with a suitable hematocrit.

A method for priming an extracorporeal blood circuit of an apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood comprises: feeding a priming fluid in the extracorporeal blood circuit and into a blood side of a membrane gas exchanger (18); generating a transitory pressurization step or a plurality of transitory pressurization steps in the priming fluid flowing in the blood circuit and in the blood side of the membrane gas exchanger (18).

Blood in a separation chamber is separated into a red blood cell layer, a plasma constituent, and a mononuclear cell-containing layer. A portion of the plasma constituent exits the chamber via a plasma outlet, while a first portion of the red blood cell layer exits via a red blood cell outlet. A second portion of the red blood cell layer exits the chamber via the red blood cell outlet and is collected. At least a portion of the collected red blood cell layer may then be conveyed to the chamber via the red blood cell outlet to convey at least a portion of the mononuclear cell-containing layer out of the chamber via the plasma outlet for collection. A second portion of the plasma constituent may be conveyed out of the chamber via the plasma outlet to more fully collect the mononuclear cell-containing layer without the use of collected plasma.

A blood treatment apparatus (1) defines first and second flow circuits (C1, C2) separated by a dialyzer (20). The second flow circuit (C2) comprises return and withdrawal lines (24′, 24″) for connection to a vascular system of a subject during a treatment session. After the treatment session, a control system causes an operator to connect the second flow circuit (C2) to a first port (32) of a container (30), the apparatus (1) to perform a rinseback procedure, the operator to disconnect the return line (24′) from the vascular system and re-arrange the second flow circuit (C2) to define a closed loop, and the apparatus (1) to draw residual liquid from the closed loop into the first flow circuit (C1) through a dialyzer membrane (21). To facilitate drainage of the residual fluid with a conventional line set, the second flow circuit (C2) is connected to a second port (33) of the container (30) to include the container (30) in the closed loop, or the return and withdrawal lines (24′, 24″) are connected in fluid communication with the first port of the container (30) through a three-way manifold coupling unit.

Hemodialysis systems are described. A hemodialysis system may include a dialysate flow path through which dialysate is passed from a dialysate reservoir, which includes a valved vent to atmosphere, to an ultrafilter. The dialysate flow path includes a pneumatically actuated diaphragm-based dialysate pump for pumping fluid from the dialysate reservoir to the ultrafilter. The hemodialysis system may include a controller for controlling pneumatic actuation pressure delivered to the dialysate pump and at least one valve connecting the dialysate reservoir vent to the atmosphere. The hemodialysis system may be configured to actuate the dialysate pump and the at least one valve to introduce air into the dialysate flow path and expel liquid from the dialysate flow path to a drain.

A system and method for balancing flows of renal replacement fluid is disclosed. The method uses pressure controls and pressure sensing devices to more precisely meter and balance the flow of fresh dialysate and spent dialysate. The balancing system may use one or two balancing devices, such as a balance tube, a tortuous path, or a balance chamber.

A dialysis method to enable a patient to undergo both peritoneal dialysis and extracorporeal blood treatments is disclosed. The method includes determining, via a base unit controller, whether a peritoneal dialysis treatment or an extracorporeal blood treatment is to be performed. If the peritoneal dialysis treatment is to be performed, the method includes operating first software instructions that cause a base unit to use a first fluid stored in a fluid container. If the extracorporeal blood treatment is to be performed, the method includes operating second software instructions that cause the base unit to use a second, different fluid from an online source and selectively move the second, different fluid to a blood treatment unit for use in the extracorporeal blood treatment. The blood treatment unit is operable with the base unit to perform the extracorporeal blood treatment on a patient.

The present disclosure relates to a control and/or closed-loop control device for executing a method for removing fluid from an extracorporeal blood circuit, in particular from a blood filter and/or from a venous air separation chamber, used for the blood treatment of a patient, wherein said controlling or closed-loop controlling is carried out after the completion of the blood treatment or the blood treatment session. It further relates to a medical treatment apparatus having a control and/or closed-loop control device with which the method according to the present disclosure is executable, a digital storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program.