One disclosed embodiment comprises a method for treating lesions in the carotid artery of a mammalian body. The method comprises transcervical access and blocking of blood flow through the common carotid artery (with or without blocking of blood flow through the external carotid artery), shunting blood from the internal carotid artery and treating the lesion in the carotid artery.

The pressure of fluid being conveyed through a fluid flow path during a biological fluid procedure is detected during the procedure. The fluid is conveyed through the fluid flow path 1) at a first pre-determined rate if pressure is zero to a first pressure threshold; 2) at the first pre-determined rate if pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold but less than or equal to a second pressure threshold and if an immediately preceding rate is equal to the first pre-determined rate; 3) at a second pre-determined rate if pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold but less than or equal to the second pressure threshold and if an immediately preceding rate is equal to the second pre-determined rate; and 4) at the second pre-determined rate if pressure value is greater than the second pressure threshold but less than or equal to a third pressure threshold.

Blood filters for enhanced leukoreduction with platelet recovery are disclosed. The filters include a non-woven, porous filter coated with an acetonic copolymer solution.

Disclosed is a polymer for capturing or separating leukocytes. The polymer is prepared by a polymerization reaction of monomers containing an amino and a hydroxyl. The monomer containing an amino and a hydroxyl has the structure of formula (1):

##STR00001##

In formula (1), R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a methyl, an ethyl, a hydroxyl, any one of C1 to C12 long carbon chains, and a benzene ring, R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a methyl, an ethyl, any one of from C1 to C6 long carbon chains, an amino and a benzene ring, and n is an integer of 1 to 5.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel filter material and a filter including the same. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a filter material capable of filtering in a short period of time, without clogging of the filter, while maintaining high cell separation properties, and a filter including the same. More specifically, the present invention aims to provide a filter material in which fiber masses (flocs) are uniformly distributed, and a filter including the same. The present invention provides a novel filter material showing excellent cell separation properties and excellent flow-through properties regardless of design choices for filters known prior to the filing of the present application, and an efficient cell separation method using a novel filter on which the filter material is stacked.

A device isolates a substance from blood. The substance includes particles with an effective diameter that is within a range defined by effective diameters of constituents of blood. The device comprises a first sheet of graphene including a first plurality of apertures. The first plurality of apertures are configured to pass objects with an effective diameter less than or equal to the effective diameter of the particles of the substance. The device comprises a second sheet of graphene including a second plurality of apertures. The second plurality of apertures are configured to pass objects with an effective diameter less than the effective diameter of the particles of the substance. The device may be configured to include a conduit system. The device may be configured to operate according to a reversible cycle.

Systems and methods are provided for depleting platelets from blood. The system includes a multi-stage blood separation chamber in which blood is separated into red blood cells and platelet-rich plasma. The platelet-rich plasma is conveyed from a first stage of the chamber to a second stage, where it is separated into platelets and platelet-poor plasma. The platelet-poor plasma is conveyed out of the chamber while the platelets are allowed to accumulate in the second stage of the chamber. When a controller of the system has determined that the maximum chamber capacity of platelets has been accumulated in the second stage of the chamber, the platelets are conveyed out of the chamber to a waste container. The cycle of separating blood into its components, accumulating platelets in the chamber, and then flushing the platelets from the chamber is repeated until a target platelet concentration of the blood is achieved.

The filter 105 used in a cell trapping device includes a sheet-like body portion (base metal plating layer 5) containing nickel or copper as a main component and provided with a plurality of through-holes in the thickness direction; a palladium layer 7 containing palladium as a main component and covering the surface of the body portion; and a gold layer 8 containing gold as a main component and covering the surface of the palladium layer.

The present invention discloses a microstructured discrimination device for separating hydrophobic-hydrophilic fluidic composites comprising particulate and/or fluids in a fluid flow. The discrimination is the result of surface energy gradients obtained by physically varying a textured surface and/or by varying surface chemical properties, both of which are spatially graded. Such surfaces discriminate and spatially separate particulate and/or fluids without external energy input. The device of the present invention comprises a platform having bifurcating microchannels arranged radially. The lumenal surfaces of the microchannels may have a surface energy gradient created by varying the periodicity of hierarchically arranged microstructures along a dimension. The surface energy gradient is varied in two regions. In one pre-bifurcation region the surface energy gradient generates a fluid flow. In the other post-bifurcation region, there is a difference in surface energy proximal to the bifurcation such that different flow fractions are divided into separate channels in response to different surface energy gradients in each of the post-bifurcation channels. Accordingly, fluids of different hydrophobicity and/or particulate of different hydrophobicity are driven into separate channels by a global minimization of the fluid system energy.

Systems and methods are provided for separating a red blood cell-containing fluid into separated red blood cells and another fluid constituent. A suitable system includes a disposable fluid flow circuit and a durable, reusable separation system, with the circuit being mounted onto or otherwise associated with the separation system. The circuit includes a membrane separator for separating the fluid into its constituent parts, as well as a leukoreduction filter. The leukoreduction filter may be used before or after the red blood cell-containing fluid has been passed into the membrane separator. The red blood cell-containing fluid (if the leukoreduction filter is positioned upstream of the membrane separator) or the separated red blood cells (if the leukoreduction filter is positioned downstream of the membrane separator) may also be passed through a microaggregate filter prior to passing through the leukoreduction filter.