The embodiments described herein relate to chemically and mechanically durable glass compositions and glass articles formed from the same. In another embodiment, a glass composition may include from about 70 mol. % to about 80 mol. % SiO.sub.2; from about 3 mol. % to about 13 mol. % alkaline earth oxide; X mol. % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; and Y mol. % alkali oxide. The alkali oxide may include Na.sub.2O in an amount greater than about 8 mol. %. A ratio of Y:X may be greater than 1 and the glass composition may be free of boron and compounds of boron. In some embodiments, the glass composition may also be free of phosphorous and compounds of phosphorous. Glass articles formed from the glass composition may have at least a class S3 acid resistance according to DIN 12116, at least a class A2 base resistance according to ISO 695, and a type HGA1 hydrolytic resistance according to ISO 720.

The invention relates to the use of a coating of a layer including an inorganic, glass-like matrix of an alkali silicate and/or alkaline earth silicate or a layer including an inorganic-organic hybrid matrix or of a double layer of a base layer including an inorganic, glass-like matrix of an alkali silicate and/or alkaline earth silicate or a base layer including an inorganic-organic hybrid matrix and an alkali silicate-free and alkaline earth silicate-free top layer including a matrix of an oxidated silicon compound as the anti-limescale coating on at least one metal surface or inorganic surface of an object or material. The anti-limescale coating can be used for storage or transport devices for water or media containing water. The anti-limescale coating is suitable for pipelines, sand control systems or safety valves in the conveyance of oil or gas or the storage of oil or gas.

There is provided a drinking or eating vessel comprising an inner surface that defines a volume for receiving liquid or solid food and an outer surface that supports a polymeric coating and a decorative layer; wherein the polymeric coating comprises a polymer formed by curing a coating mixture on the outer surface of the drinking or eating vessel, said coating mixture comprising a matting agent; wherein the polymeric coating has an inner surface in contact with the drinking or eating vessel and an outer surface exposed to contact by a user of the vessel; and wherein the decorative layer forms a diffuse layer within the polymeric coating. Also provided are corresponding processes for producing the drinking or eating vessel.

A label for a bottle where the label is comprised of a laminate where an outer layer (3) is a material susceptible to losing opaqueness when made wet, and an inner layer (5) behind this first layer which is a material that is opaque, and such that it will maintain such opaqueness when wet.

A strengthened glass container or vessel such as, but not limited to, vials for holding pharmaceutical products or vaccines in a hermetic and/or sterile state. The strengthened glass container undergoes a strengthening process that produces compression at the surface and tension within the container wall. The strengthening process is designed such that the tension within the wall is great enough to ensure catastrophic failure of the container, thus rendering the product unusable, should sterility be compromised by a through-wall crack. The tension is greater than a threshold central tension, above which catastrophic failure of the container is guaranteed, thus eliminating any potential for violation of pharmaceutical integrity.

A strengthened glass container or vessel such as, but not limited to, vials for holding pharmaceutical products or vaccines in a hermetic and/or sterile state. The strengthened glass container undergoes a strengthening process that produces compression at the surface and tension within the container wall. The strengthening process is designed such that the tension within the wall is great enough to ensure catastrophic failure of the container, thus rendering the product unusable, should sterility be compromised by a through-wall crack. The tension is greater than a threshold central tension, above which catastrophic failure of the container is guaranteed, thus eliminating any potential for violation of pharmaceutical integrity.

A method for the joining of ceramic pieces into an assembly adapted to be used in semiconductor processing. The joined pieces are adapted to withstand the environments within a process chamber during substrate processing, chamber cleaning processes, and the oxygenated atmosphere which may be seen within the shaft of a heater or electrostatic chuck. The ceramic pieces may be aluminum nitride and the pieces may be brazed with aluminum. The joint material is adapted to withstand both the environments within a process chamber during substrate processing, and the oxygenated atmosphere which may be seen within the shaft of a heater or electrostatic chuck. The joint is adapted to provide a hermetic seal across the joint. The joined pieces are adapted to be separated at a later time should rework or replacement of one of the pieces be desired.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

The present invention is a thermal and acoustic insulating sphere that has an evacuated hollow interior. The spheres are constructed of insulating materials, and the inner and outer surfaces of each sphere have highly reflective coatings evenly applied to them. The coatings applied to the inner and outer surfaces reduce the transmission of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation. Additionally, the spheres provide superior acoustic insulation due to the inability of sound to travel through the interior vacuum. The spheres can be used to produce insulating materials, for example, by embedding or positioning them within or between other materials, to provide thermal and acoustic insulation.

There are provided a food container having a silicon incorporated diamond like carbon (Si-DLC) layer and a method thereof. The food container includes a container made of a plastic material; an intermediate thin layer formed on a surface of the container; and a Si-DLC layer formed on the intermediate thin layer. Accordingly, it is possible to provide porous plastic container having a Si-DLC layer and a manufacturing method thereof, which can implement high oxygen barrier properties and excellent mechanical characteristics by stably depositing a Si-DLC layer on a food container having lower surface energy without breaking the Si-DLC layer.