Disclosed is an antifogging film-forming material obtained by reacting, in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt or quaternary phosphonium salt, a copolymer represented by a certain general formula with a multifunctional epoxy compound having a solubility of 40-100 mass % in 25° C. water. The antifogging film-forming material is characterized by having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000-5,000,000. With this material, it becomes possible to obtain an antifogging article excellent in antifogging property, heat resistance, chemical resistance and abrasion resistance.

Heat-curing epoxy resin compositions are characterized by high impact strength, good storage stability, and a low curing temperature. The epoxy resin compositions are suitable for use as a construction shell adhesive and for producing structural foams. They can already be cured in so-called bottom-baking conditions. Furthermore, it has been found that the use of an accelerator of the formula (Ia) or (Ib) results in an increase of the impact strength of heat-curing epoxy resin compositions.

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition comprises the following components: (A) a halogen-free epoxy resin; (B) a hardener; and (C) a phosphorus-containing phenolic resin of the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein m, n, l, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are as defined in the specification.

A method for coating a building panel, the method including applying a first coating fluid including an organic binder on a surface of the building panel to obtain at least one coating layer, and applying barrier components and photocatalytic particles, preferably TiO.sub.2, on the at least one coating layer. Also, such a building panel.

The invention pertains to a composition (C1) comprising: at least one (meth)acrylic modified VDF polymer [polymer (A)] comprising recurring units derived from comprising recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF) monomer and at least one hydrophilic (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I), wherein each of R1, R2, R3, equal or different from each other, is independently a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.3 hydrocarbon group, and R.sub.OH is a hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one hydroxyl group; at least one inorganic UV blocker compound in an amount not exceeding 5% wt, with respect to the weight of polymer (A), to multilayer assemblies comprising one layer made from said composition (C1), to a method for manufacturing said multilayer assemblies and to the use of the same in different field of use, including protection of PV modules. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides a composite structure and associated method for preparing a composite substrate comprising an inorganic coating that is adhered to an organic-based substrate via an adhesion promoting agent comprising a molecule having a urea moiety at one end of the molecule and an alkoxysilane moiety at the other end of the molecule. The use of adhesion promoting agent having at least one of an amine or imine moiety and an alkoxysilane moiety promotes tight adhesion of the inorganic coating to the substrate.

In a method for manufacturing lamination stacks of controlled height in a tool, starting material is provided as continuous strip delivered from a coil or as an individual sheet. Laminations are punched from the starting material in several punching steps to a required contour of the laminations. A heat-curing adhesive is applied onto the laminations prior to performing a last punching step. The laminations are combined to a lamination stack. The laminations of the lamination stack are partially or completely heated in a lamination storage. The adhesive is liquefied by heating the lamination stack to build up adhesion and then solidified. Curing the adhesive at the liquefying temperature or solidifying the adhesive in the tool by cooling and subsequently heating the adhesive to a temperature below the liquefying temperature is possible so that the adhesive does not melt but undergoes further curing resulting in higher temperature stability.

In a method for manufacturing lamination stacks of controlled height in a tool, starting, material is provided as continuous strip delivered from a coil or as an individual sheet. Laminations are punched from the starting material in several punching steps to a required contour of the laminations. A heat-curing adhesive is applied onto the laminations prior to performing a last punching step. The laminations are combined to a lamination stack. The laminations of the lamination stack are partially or completely heated in a lamination storage. The adhesive is liquefied by heating the lamination stack to build up adhesion and then solidified. Curing the adhesive at the liquefying temperature or solidifying the adhesive in the tool by cooling and subsequently heating the adhesive to a temperature below the liquefying temperature is possible so that the adhesive does not melt but undergoes further curing resulting in higher temperature stability.

The invention provides a prepreg comprising: a primary prepreg composed of reinforcing fibers and a resin composition (I) impregnating the interior of a reinforcing fiber layer formed from these fibers; and a surface layer composed of a resin composition (II) formed on one or both sides of the primary prepreg; wherein the resin composition (I) is an epoxy resin composition [B] containing at least an epoxy resin and a thermoplastic resin, and the resin composition (II) is an epoxy resin composition [A] containing at least an epoxy resin and conductive particles.

A non-transparent paper is described for non-transparent art or graphic design sketches, which prevents seepage of the inks, it accepts any type of gel, water-based, solvent-based, oil-based or mixed inks and solid materials for sketching and drawing, as well as fixatives for the solid materials. This paper consists of a lamination of at least two sheets of uncoated bond paper, inserting at least one intermediate layer of pigmented opacifying emulsion between both sheets, applied between the layers of paper to prevent transparency and the seepage of inks from one face of the lamination to the other. This layer of emulsion contains at least one opacifying pigment, at least one adhesive, agents to control viscosity and surface tension and other components. The outside layers of paper have a drying capacity which fixes the materials used for the sketching and prevent outlines made on one face passing to the adjacent sheets of paper, and also has a texture suitable for receiving any dry material for drawing or sketching.