An optical device having a first optical member, a second optical member, and an antistatic layer disposed between the first optical member and the second optical member wherein the antistatic layer contains the reaction product of a mixture comprising at least one polymerizable onium salt having an anion and at least one non-onium polymerizable monomer, oligomer, or polymer.

Structures having a polymer composition covalently bonded to the surface of the structure, methods of attaching the polymer to the surface of the structure, methods of decreasing the amount of microorganisms formed on a structure, and the like, are disclosed.

Provided are compounds of the following:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R.sub.2 is a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.

Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, a protective film, an optical device, and a display device. The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may exhibit suitable low speed and high speed peel-off strengths after forming a crosslinking structure, and have an excellent balance between them. Accordingly, the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may exhibit an excellent protective effect when applied to a protective film, may be easily peeled in a high speed peel-off and thus advantageous for the high speed process, and may exhibit an excellent antistatic characteristic.

Disclosed is a liquid polymerizable composition including a phosphine oxide or a phosphine sulphide monomer composition with mineral nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed therein, as well as its use for the preparation of a transparent polymeric material having a high refractive index and its use in the optical field.

Waterproof engineered floor and wall planks have a veneer layer bonded with a plastic composite core, and an underlayer, preferably an underlayer of cork.

An object of the present invention is to provide a copolymer having the characteristic of developing high viscosity, and lowering its viscosity with an increase in rate of shear, particularly a copolymer having the characteristic of developing viscosity, and lowering its viscosity with an increase in rate of shear even in an aqueous coating composition that contains a surfactant. The present invention provides a copolymer obtainable by copolymerization of a monomer component (m) that includes: (m-1), a macromonomer having (i) a backbone that comprises a polymer chain having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 obtainable by polymerizing a monomer component (I) that contains 5 to 100 mass % of a C4-C24 alkyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer (a), and (ii) a polymerizable unsaturated group; and (m-2) a polymerizable unsaturated monomer containing a hydrophilic group.

A process includes placing a mask over a substrate; delivering liquid film-forming compositions through the mask to the substrate; removing the mask to leave a multilayered raw shape on the substrate; and curing the multilayered raw shape to form the multilayered shaped film product disposed on the substrate. The mask has a delivery surface, an opposite surface and at least one aperture having a design corresponding to the desired shaped film product. The film-forming compositions are delivered through a multistream nozzle. The movement of the mask and the delivery of the first and second liquid film-forming compositions to the mask aperture are controlled to provide a volumetric flow rate of the first and second liquid film-forming compositions to the mask aperture corresponding to the volume of a void. The nozzle is in contact with the delivery surface of the mask.

An acoustical vinyl tile having an integral acoustical layer is disclosed. The vinyl tile includes a vinyl portion and an acoustical portion. The acoustical portion may comprise a crumb rubber component and a polyurethane foam component. The acoustical portion can include 10-40% crumb rubber and 60-90% polyurethane foam. The acoustical portion may comprise a plurality of individual layers, the combination of which is customized to the particular sub-floor structure to which the tile will be adhered or overlain. The individual layers of the acoustical portion can include any of a variety of combinations of rubber, cork, polyurethane foam, and the like. The resulting tile meets one or more of ASTM E 2179, ASTM E 989, ASTM E 492, and ASTM E1007 IIC sound requirements. A method of designing the disclosed tile to suit a particular flooring application is also disclosed. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

An acoustical vinyl tile having an integral acoustical layer is disclosed. The vinyl tile includes a vinyl portion and an acoustical portion. The acoustical portion may comprise a crumb rubber component and a polyurethane foam component. The acoustical portion can include 10-40% crumb rubber and 60-90% polyurethane foam. The acoustical portion may comprise a plurality of individual layers, the combination of which is customized to the particular sub-floor structure to which the tile will be adhered or overlain. The individual layers of the acoustical portion can include any of a variety of combinations of rubber, cork, polyurethane foam, and the like. The resulting tile meets one or more of ASTM E 2179, ASTM E 989, ASTM E 492, and ASTM E1007 IIC sound requirements. A method of designing the disclosed tile to suit a particular flooring application is also disclosed. Other embodiments are described and claimed.