A method of separating and extracting carbon nanotubes, the method includes introducing the carbon nanotubes into a two-phase system that includes a first component and a second component, the first component being different from the second component. The method includes introducing a chemical agent into the two-phase system, mixing the chemical agent and the carbon nanotubes in the two-phase system, removing the first component to extract a first portion of the carbon nanotubes contained in the first component after the mixing, replenishing the two-phase system with fresh first component, and extracting a second portion of the carbon nanotubes contained in the fresh first component. A bandgap of the carbon nanotubes in the first portion is different from the bandgap of the carbon nanotubes in the second portion.

Disclosed is a silicone rubber composition and a vulcanized product thereof, which show high levels of flexibility and electrical conductivity at the same time. The disclosed silicone rubber composition comprises a silicone rubber and fibrous carbon nanostructures including carbon nanotubes, wherein the fibrous carbon nanostructures exhibit a convex upward shape in a t-plot obtained from an adsorption isotherm. The disclosed vulcanized product is obtainable by vulcanization of the silicone rubber composition.

Imaging based detection of changes in extracellular neurotransmitter concentration in living tissue is achieved using novel nanotube-based sensors. The sensors are functionalized, neurocompatible single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) comprising an adsorbed neurotransmitter analyte selective polynucleotide.

A gas delivery system and method for delivering reactants such as a first gas through a first conduit and a second gas through at least one second conduit, for example, through a plurality of second conduits. The plurality of second conduits may each have a length, wherein at least a portion of the length is entirely disposed within the first conduit. In an implementation, the first conduit may deliver carbon monoxide and the one or more second conduits may deliver carbon monoxide doped with a catalyst such as iron pentacarbonyl. The first and second gases may be introduced into a reaction vessel such as a reactor chamber and used to form carbon nanotubes.

Devices, compositions, and methods are described which provide a tubular nanostructure or a composite tubular nanostructure targeted to a lipid bilayer membrane. The tubular nanostructure includes a hydrophobic surface region flanked by two hydrophilic surface regions. The tubular nanostructure is configured to interact with a lipid bilayer membrane and form a pore in the lipid bilayer membrane. The tubular nanostructure may be targeted by including at least one ligand configured to bind to one or more cognates on the lipid bilayer membrane of a target cell.

An epitaxial structure and a method for making the same are provided. The epitaxial structure includes a substrate, an epitaxial layer and a carbon nanotube layer. The epitaxial layer is located on the substrate. The carbon nanotube layer is located in the epitaxial layer. The method includes following. A substrate having an epitaxial growth surface is provided. A carbon nanotube layer is suspended above the epitaxial growth surface. An epitaxial layer is epitaxially grown from the epitaxial growth surface to enclose the carbon nanotube layer therein. The epitaxial layer is a substantially homogenous material from the substrate.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to carbon-containing composites which are suitable for use as electrodes in electrochemical systems. The composites are formed from a scaffold of graphene and carbon nanotubes. Graphene flakes form a plurality of generally planar sheets (e.g., extending in an x-y plane) separated in the direction of a composite axis (e.g., along a z-axis) and approximately parallel to one another. The carbon nanotubes extend between the graphene sheets and at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes are aligned in approximately the same direction, at a defined angle with respect to the composite axis. At least a portion of the scaffold is embedded within a porous carbon matrix (e.g., an activated carbon, a polymer derived graphitic carbon, etc.).

A nanotube-graphene hybrid film and method for forming a cleaned nanotube-graphene hybrid film. The nanotube-graphene hybrid film includes a substrate; nanotube film deposited over the substrate to produce a layer of nanotube film; and graphene deposited over the layer of nanotube film to produce a nanotube-graphene hybrid film.

Provided is a crosslinked rubber having excellent workability and heat resistance, and a crosslinkable rubber composition that can be used to form the crosslinked rubber. The crosslinkable rubber composition contains: a rubber including a carboxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit; an amine-based crosslinking agent having a melting point of at least 50 C. and no higher than 180 C.; and one or more carbon nanotubes. The crosslinked rubber is obtainable through crosslinking of the crosslinkable rubber composition. The carbon nanotubes preferably have a BET specific surface area of from 600 m.sup.2/g to 2,000 m.sup.2/g.

A gas delivery system and method for delivering reactants such as a first gas through a first conduit and a second gas through at least one second conduit, for example, through a plurality of second conduits. The plurality of second conduits may each have a length, wherein at least a portion of the length is entirely disposed within the first conduit. In an implementation, the first conduit may deliver carbon monoxide and the one or more second conduits may deliver carbon monoxide doped with a catalyst such as iron pentacarbonyl. The first and second gases may be introduced into a reaction vessel such as a reactor chamber and used to form carbon nanotubes.