An apparatus and method for resuscitating a patient suffering from cardiac arrest or another condition in which normal circulation has been interrupted. A ventilator is used for delivering a gas mixture to the patient. The ventilator is configured to adjust the partial pressure of CO2 to one or more partial pressures high enough to slow expiration of CO2 from the patient's lungs and thereby maintain a reduced pH in the patient's tissues for a period of time following return of spontaneous circulation.

A system, method and apparatus to automatically perform endotracheal intubation in a patient comprising, inserting a blade inside the upper airway of the patient to retract an anatomical structure; inserting a bending portion and a tube arranged on the bending portion inside the airway of the patient; collecting airway data using at least one imaging sensor arranged on the bending portion; communicating collected airway data to a processing circuitry; predicting an intended path for insertion of the tube and generating control signals using the processing circuitry, wherein the intended path is predicted based on at least one anatomical structure recognized by the processing circuitry using the collected airway data; displaying an intended path via a user interface to display at least one intended path to an operator and also allow the operator to select an intended path; and communicating the control signals generated by the processing circuitry to at least one actuation unit to actuate the three-dimensional movement of the tube.

A medical system for assisting with an intubation procedure for a patient. The system comprising airflow sensors configured to obtain data indicative of airflow in the patient's airway and physiological sensors configured to obtain information regarding airflow in the patient's lungs. The system further including a monitoring device communicatively coupled to the airflow sensors and the physiological sensors. The patient monitoring device comprising at least one processor coupled to memory and configured to: provide a user interface on a display and assist the rescuer in determining proper placement of an endotracheal tube, receive the data indicative of the airflow in the patient's airway, receive the physiological information regarding the airflow in the patient's lungs, and determine whether the tube is properly placed based on the received physiological information, and present an output of the determination of whether the ET tube was properly placed.

There is provided herein methods, apparatus and systems for evaluating carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) concentration in a subject's breath, for example in subjects ventilated with High Frequency Ventilation (HFV), the method includes inserting to a trachea of a subject an endotrachial tube (ETT), sampling breath from an area in the trachea located in proximity to a distal end of the endotrachial tube (ETT) and evaluating one or more CO.sub.2 related parameters of the sampled breath.

An apparatus and method for resuscitating a patient suffering from cardiac arrest or another condition in which normal circulation has been interrupted. A ventilator is used for delivering a gas mixture to the patient. The ventilator is configured to adjust the partial pressure of CO2 to one or more partial pressures high enough to slow expiration of CO2 from the patient's lungs and thereby maintain a reduced pH in the patient's tissues for a period of time following return of spontaneous circulation.

Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for the cleaning of an endotracheal tube while a patient is being supported by a ventilator connected to the endotracheal tube for the purpose of increasing the available space for airflow or to prevent the build up of materials that may constrict airflow or be a potential nidus for infection. In one embodiment, a mechanically-actuated endotracheal tube cleaning device is configured to removably receive a visualization member to provide cleaning of the endotracheal tube under direct visualization.

An intubation system of the present disclosure intubates based on an airway pattern indicating a trachea opening. The airway pattern is determined from analysis of airway data detected by a trachea identifying device disposed on a moveable guide stylet of the intubation system. A navigation element is generated based on the airway pattern. In one embodiment, the airway pattern is a gas exchange pattern indicating a trachea opening. In another embodiment, the trachea opening transition pattern is a topographic pattern indicating a trachea opening. The guide stylet is capable of moving in a plurality of degrees of freedom in the airway following the guidance from the navigation element.

An endotracheal tube apparatus is provided which comprises an endotracheal tube insertable into a trachea of a patient, wherein the endotracheal tube has a sidewall and includes a first passageway, wherein the first passageway is a ventilation passageway to provide ventilation to the patient; a fluid sampling port connected to the sidewall of the endotracheal tube; the fluid sampling port including a fluid sampling passageway, the fluid sampling passageway to obtain a fluid sample comprising one or more gases exhaled from the patient; and the fluid sampling port including a connector to connect the fluid sampling port to an analyzer to detect a presence of carbon dioxide gas in the fluid sample.

A method controls an expiratory gas flow at a user interface (16) of a ventilator (1) wherein the user interface (16) has an exhalation valve (11), which provides a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). The method includes the following steps during a phase of exhalation: changing the positive end-expiratory pressure from a basic PEEP value (31) with the exhalation valve (11); returning the positive end-expiratory pressure to the basic PEEP value (31) with the exhalation valve (11); and determining an exhalation parameter. The method permits an adaptive change in the expiratory flow during the exhalation. Air trapping can be avoided, and it is possible to respond to changed exhalation parameters within one and the same phase of exhalation.

An apparatus and method for resuscitating a patient suffering from cardiac arrest or another condition in which normal circulation has been interrupted. A ventilator is used for delivering a gas mixture to the patient. The ventilator is configured to adjust the partial pressure of CO2 to one or more partial pressures high enough to slow expiration of CO2 from the patient's lungs and thereby maintain a reduced pH in the patient's tissues for a period of time following return of spontaneous circulation.