With a pneumatic tire not mounted on a rim, in a meridian cross-section a first line is parallel with an innermost bottom side of a bead core in a radial direction and passes through an outermost projection of the bead core in a lateral direction, a second line is orthogonal with the first line at the outermost projection, a third line is orthogonal with the first line and passes through an intersection of a rim cushion rubber, a distance between the second and third lines is 2.0 to 4.0 mm, a shortest distance between an innermost projection of the bead core in the lateral direction and a cord of a carcass layer is 0.6 to 1.4 mm, and a shortest distance between an innermost end of the bottom side of the bead core in the lateral direction and the cord of the carcass layer is 1.2 to 2.2 mm.

A tire has a form of a torus that is open radially on an inside portion. The tire includes inner and outer walls, a crown, two sidewalls, two beads, a crown reinforcement, and a carcass reinforcement anchored in the beads and extending at least from the beads as far as the crown. The inner wall is covered at least in part with an airtight layer, and the airtight layer is covered at least in part with a layer of a self-sealing product. Each of the beads includes an annular reinforcing structure, with each annular reinforcing structure being formed of a plurality of windings of a single metal thread. The windings are arranged in a plurality of radially superposed layers, with each layer having a group of the windings arranged axially in a side by side manner, such that the superposed layers have a hexagonal cross section.

A pneumatic tire includes: a bead core; a bead filler; a carcass ply; a side wall rubber that is arranged on the tire-outer-surface-side of the carcass ply and constitutes a tire outer surface; a chafer layer that is turned from the tire-inner-surface-side to the tire-outer-surface-side around the bead core and the bead filler and rolled up on an outer surface of the carcass ply; a pair of support rubbers that are located between the side wall rubber and the carcass ply and arranged so as to hold a rolled-up end of the chafer layer from both sides in a tire width direction; in which modulus values of the pair of support rubbers are higher than a modulus value of the side wall rubber, and hardness of the hardened support rubber is enhanced while scorch resistance of an unvulcanized rubber composition is maintained.

A pneumatic tire includes a pair of bead cores; a pair of bead fillers; a carcass ply; a side wall rubber; a chafer layer that is rolled up on an outer surface of the carcass ply; and a pair of support rubbers that is located between the side wall rubber and the carcass ply and arranged such that a rolled-up end of the chafer layer is sandwiched from both sides in a tire width direction. The pair of support rubbers includes a tape rubber located inside in the tire width direction and a rear pad rubber located outside in the tire width direction. A modulus value of the tape rubber is higher than a modulus value of the side wall rubber. A modulus value of the rear pad rubber is higher than the modulus value of the tape rubber.

A pneumatic tire includes a pair of bead cores; a pair of bead fillers that are connected to the pair of bead cores; a carcass ply that is suspended between the pair of bead cores; a side wall rubber that is arranged on a tire-outer-surface-side of the carcass ply and constitutes a tire outer surface; a chafer layer that is turned from a tire-inner-surface-side to the tire-outer-surface-side around the bead cores and the bead fillers and rolled up on an outer surface of the carcass ply; and a pair of support rubbers that are located between the side wall rubber and the carcass ply and arranged so as to hold a rolled-up end of the chafer layer from both sides in a tire width direction. A modulus values of the pair of support rubbers are higher than a modulus value of the side wall rubber.

The invention relates to improving the endurance of a bead of a radial tire for a heavy vehicle of construction plant type by reducing the compression to which the turn-up is subjected when the tire is driven on. According to the invention, for a tire for a heavy vehicle of construction plant type comprising two beads intended to come into contact with a rim having two rim flanges, a carcass reinforcement comprising at least one carcass reinforcement layer having a main part wrapped, within each bead, from the inside towards the outside of the tire, around a bead wire of substantially circular meridian section, to form a turn-up, a filling element extending the bead wire radially towards the outside and axially separating the main part and the turn-up, the distance (d) between a first segment of turn-up and the main part decreasing continuously, radially towards the outside, from the bead wire as far as a minimum distance (d.sub.1), the distance (d.sub.2) between a second segment of turn-up, extending the first segment of turn-up radially towards the outside, and the main part is substantially constant and equal to the minimum distance (d.sub.1) between the first segment of turn-up and the main part.

A pneumatic radial tire includes a bead filler, a carcass ply, a steel protection layer, and an organic fiber protection layer. A reinforcing rubber sandwiches a wind-up end of the steel protection layer. A relationship of 1A/B2 is satisfied between a width A from the wind-up end of the steel protection layer to a tire inner surface, and a width B from the wind-up end of the steel protection layer to a tire outer surface. The wind-up end of the carcass ply is covered with a ply cover member. A relationship of 0.8D/C1.2 is satisfied between a thickness C of a second bead filler positioning between the ply cover member and a first bead filler, and a thickness D of the reinforcing rubber positioning between the ply cover member and the steel protection layer.

A pneumatic tire includes an elastomeric casing. The elastomeric casing includes a crown portion, opposing sidewalls, and bead areas that are formed along the sidewalls in spaced relation to the crown portion. The bead areas include at least one bead reinforcing element, such as a bead core and/or a bead filler, that is at least partially formed from carbon fibers. A method of manufacturing a pneumatic tire assembly is also included.

Tires for vehicle wheels having reduced environmental impact and the components thereof, in particular reinforcing structural elements such as carcass structures, belt structures, flippers and chafers, include elongated reinforcing elements treated with resorcinol and formaldehyde-free cross-linkable adhesive compositions. The adhesive compositions include at least a) a rubber latex, at least b) an epoxide and at least c) a polyamine with molecular weight higher than 190 Daltons, including at least two amino groups selected from primary NH2 and secondary NH amino groups. In the structural element, these compositions confer an adhesion between cords and compounds that is comparable to, if not better than, the traditional RFL system in use in this sector. Furthermore, by suitably modifying the compound compositions in the reinforced structural elements and, possibly, also in the other elastomeric components of the tire, it is possible to manufacture tires while avoiding the use of toxic chemicals, such, as resorcinol and formaldehyde.

A bead wire for a tire includes a core, an outer layer, and at least one intermediate layer. The core includes at least one yarn of a multifilament textile fiber embedded in an organic matrix. The outer layer includes an outer-layer metal wire wound around the core. Each intermediate layer includes an intermediate-layer metal wire wound around the core. Each intermediate layer is disposed between the core and the outer layer.