An electronic device may include conductive structures having a visible-light-reflecting coating. The coating may include a seed layer, transition layers, a neutral-color base layer, and an uppermost layer that forms a single-layer interference film. The neutral-color base layer may be opaque to visible light. The interference film may include silicon and may have an absorption coefficient between 0 and 1. The interference film may include, for example, CrSiN or CrSiCN. The composition of the interference film, the thickness of the interference film, and/or the composition of the base layer may be selected to provide the coating with a desired color near the middle of the visible spectrum (e.g., at green wavelengths). The color may be relatively stable even if the thickness of the coating varies across its area.

Provided is a plating film containing Au and Tl, including Tl oxides including Tl.sub.2O on a surface of the plating film, a ratio of Tl atoms constituting Tl.sub.2O to a total of Tl atoms constituting the Tl oxides and Tl atoms constituting Tl simple substances on the surface being 40% or more.

A zinc-plated steel sheet for hot stamping according to an aspect of the present invention includes a steel substrate and a plated layer provided on a surface of the steel substrate, in which the steel substrate contains, in % by mass, C: 0.10 to 0.5%, Si: 0.7 to 2.5%, Mn: 1.0 to 3%, and Al: 0.01 to 0.5%, with the balance being iron and inevitable impurities, and the steel substrate has, in the inside thereof, an internal oxide layer consists of an oxide containing at least one of Si and Mn having a thickness of 1 m or more, and a decarburized layer having a thickness of 20 m or less from an interface with the plated layer toward an internal direction of the steel substrate.

This Sn-plated steel sheet includes: a base plated steel sheet having a steel sheet, and a Sn-plated layer on at least one surface of the steel sheet; and a film layer which contains a zirconium oxide and a tin oxide and is positioned on the base plated steel sheet. An adhesion amount of Sn per surface of the Sn-plated steel sheet is 0.1 g/m.sup.2 or more and 15 g/m.sup.2 or less, an amount of the zirconium oxide in the film layer is in a range of 1 mg/m.sup.2 or more and 30 mg/m.sup.2 or less in terms of an amount of metal Zr, a peak position of a binding energy of Sn3d.sub.5/2 of the tin oxide by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the film layer is within a range of 1.4 eV or more and less than 1.6 eV from a peak position of a binding energy of metal Sn, and a quantity of electricity required for reduction of the tin oxide is in a range of more than 5.0 mC/cm.sup.2 and 20 mC/cm.sup.2 or less.

Disclosed herein is an article comprising one or more channels and a multi-layer protective coating on the one or more channels. The multi-layer protective coating includes an anodization layer comprising a plurality of cracks and a plurality of pores, a sealing layer on the anodization layer, and a top layer on the sealing layer. The sealing layer comprises a metal oxide, the seals the plurality of cracks and the plurality of pores, and has a porosity of approximately 0%. The top layer comprises a rare earth oxide, a rare earth fluoride, or a rare earth oxyfluoride, has a different material composition than the sealing layer, and has a porosity of approximately 0%.

Disclosed herein is an article comprising one or more channels and a multi-layer protective coating on the one or more channels. The multi-layer protective coating includes an anodization layer comprising a plurality of cracks and a plurality of pores, a sealing layer on the anodization layer, and a top layer on the sealing layer. The sealing layer comprises a metal oxide, the seals the plurality of cracks and the plurality of pores, and has a porosity of approximately 0%. The top layer comprises a rare earth oxide, a rare earth fluoride, or a rare earth oxyfluoride, has a different material composition than the sealing layer, and has a porosity of approximately 0%.

A flat steel product for hot forming may be produced from a steel substrate that includes a steel comprising 0.1-3% by weight Mn and up to 0.01% by weight B, along with a protective coating that is applied to the steel substrate. The protective coating may be based on Al and may contain up to 20% by weight of other alloy elements. Also disclosed are methods for producing such flat steel products, steel components, and methods for producing steel components. Absorption of hydrogen is minimized during heating necessary for hot forming. This is achieved at least in part through an alloy constituent of 0.1-0.5% by weight of at least one alkaline earth or transition metal in the protective coating, wherein an oxide of the alkaline earth or transition metal is formed on an outer surface of the protective coating during hot forming of the flat steel product.

A flat steel product for hot forming may be produced from a steel substrate that includes a steel comprising 0.1-3% by weight Mn and up to 0.01% by weight B, along with a protective coating that is applied to the steel substrate. The protective coating may be based on Al and may contain up to 20% by weight of other alloy elements. Also disclosed are methods for producing such flat steel products, steel components, and methods for producing steel components. Absorption of hydrogen is minimized during heating necessary for hot forming. This is achieved at least in part through an alloy constituent of 0.1-0.5% by weight of at least one alkaline earth or transition metal in the protective coating, wherein an oxide of the alkaline earth or transition metal is formed on an outer surface of the protective coating during hot forming of the flat steel product.

An engineered substrate includes a support structure comprising a polycrystalline ceramic core, an adhesion layer coupled to the polycrystalline ceramic core, and a barrier layer coupled to the adhesion layer. The engineered substrate also includes an bonding layer coupled to the support structure, a substantially single crystal layer coupled to the bonding layer, and an epitaxial gallium nitride layer coupled to the substantially single crystal layer.

[Object] To provide a hot-dip zinc-based plated steel sheet excellent in coating film adhesiveness after hot pressing more conveniently. [Solution] A hot-dip zinc-based plated steel sheet according to the present invention includes: a hot-dip zinc-based plated steel sheet that is a base metal; and a surface treatment layer formed on at least one surface of the hot-dip zinc-based plated steel sheet, in which the surface treatment layer contains one or more oxides selected from zirconia, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, and neodymium oxide each having a particle size of more than or equal to 5 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, in a range of more than or equal to 0.2 g/m.sup.2 and less than or equal to 2 g/m.sup.2 per one surface.