One or more aspects of the disclosure pertain to an article including a film disposed on a glass substrate, which may be strengthened, where the interface between the film and the glass substrate is modified, such that the article has an improved average flexural strength, and the film retains key functional properties for its application. Some key functional properties of the film include optical, electrical and/or mechanical properties. The bridging of a crack from one of the film or the glass substrate into the other of the film or the glass substrate can be suppressed by inserting a nanoporous crack mitigating layer between the glass substrate and the film.

A friction material has a first outermost surface and a second outermost surface spaced apart from the first outermost surface. The friction material includes a base which forms at least a portion of the first outermost surface. The base includes fibers present in an amount of from 20 to 80 weight percent, a filler present in an amount of from 20 to 80 weight percent, and a deposit which forms at least a portion of the second outermost surface and includes a friction adjusting agent. The friction material further includes a resin disposed throughout the friction material. The deposit is disposed in the friction material in a gradated pattern. At least a portion of the deposit is exposed to the environment and the second outermost surface has a surface roughness of from 2 to 11 micrometers as determined by non-contact laser measurement according to ISO 25178.

One or more aspects of the disclosure pertain to an article including a film disposed on a glass substrate, which may be strengthened, where the interface between the film and the glass substrate is modified, such that the article retains its average flexural strength, and the film retains key functional properties for its application. Some key functional properties of the film include optical, electrical and/or mechanical properties. The bridging of a crack from one of the film or the glass substrate into the other of the film or the glass substrate can be prevented by inserting a crack mitigating layer between the glass substrate and the film.

A continuous process for preparing insulation panels having thick (0.2 mm to 1 mm) metal facing panels and a fiber-reinforced polymer foam core is disclosed. In the process, a bottom metal facing panel is continuously supplied. A mat of reinforcing fibers and a foamable resin composition are applied to the bottom facing panel. A flexible barrier layer is applied atop the foamable resin composition, and the assembly is passed through nip rolls to compress the assembly and force the resin composition into the fiber mat. An adhesive layer and top metallic facing layer are then applied on top of the flexible barrier layer, and the resulting assembly is gauged and cured by passing it through a double band laminator.

The foam composite sheet of the present invention comprises a polyolefin resin foam sheet and a metallic thin film provided on at least one surface of the foam sheet, the metallic thin film being formed of a material selected from metals, alloys containing a plurality of metals, and the like, in an amount of deposition of 5 to 1,000 g/cm.sup.2.

To provide a surface structure of an aluminum-based member which can further improve heat insulating properties and heat shielding properties of the aluminum-based member. In an aluminum-based member 1 containing at least a silicon composition, a porous oxide film 2 is provided on a surface of the aluminum-based member 1, and the oxide film 2 is constituted to have at least a pore 2a extending from the surface toward an inside in a thickness direction of the oxide film 2 and a void 3a present inside the silicon composition 3 extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the thickness direction of the oxide film 2.

A method for producing a metal oxide-polymer laminate, including preparing a polymer layer, and forming a metal oxide layer on a surface of the polymer layer by an aerosol deposition method so that at least a portion of the metal oxide layer is embedded in the polymer layer in a thickness direction thereof.

Composites comprising aerogel materials are generally described. Layered aerogel composites may be of great utility for a wide variety of applications including lightweight structures, ballistic panels, multilayer thermal and acoustic insulation, spacecraft reentry shielding, supercapacitors, batteries, acoustic insulation, and flexible garments. Layered aerogel composites may be prepared by combing layers of fiber-containing sheets and multisheet plies with aerogel materials. Composites comprising mechanically strong aerogels and reticulated aerogel structures are described. Various nanocomposite aerogel materials may be prepared to facilitate production of composites with desirable functions and properties. Layered aerogel composites and related aerogel materials described in the present disclosure have not been previously possible due to a lack of viable aerogel formulations, a lack of methods for adhering and joining aerogel materials to each other and other materials, and a lack of methods that enable combining of fibrous materials and aerogels into layered structures in the same material envelope. Aerogel composites described herein enable specific capabilities that have not been previously possible with aerogels or through other means, for example, the ability to efficiency slow impacts from bullets and other ballistic bodies using a lightweight (<2 g/cm.sup.3 density) material, bear load as structural members at a fraction of the weight of conventional technologies, or simultaneously serve as a structural or flexible material that stores electrical energy.

A panel assembly that includes a core having first and second opposing major surfaces, a first laminate skin secured to the first major surface of the core, a second laminate skin secured to the second major surface of the core, and at least a first layer of polyimide aerogel incorporated into one of the first laminate skin or the second laminate skin.

A thermal barrier coating includes a highly porous layer and a dense layer. The highly porous layer is formed on a heat-resistant base, is made of ceramic, has pores, has a layer thickness of equal to or larger than 0.3 mm and equal to or smaller than 1.0 mm, and has a pore ratio of equal to or higher than 1 vol % and equal to or lower than 30 vol %. The dense layer is formed on the highly porous layer, is made of ceramic, has a pore ratio of equal to or lower than 0.9 vol % that is equal to or lower than the pore ratio of the highly porous layer, and has a layer thickness of equal to or smaller than 0.05 mm.